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Ethics And Diversity

Draft your section(s) about ethical and diversity issues as they relate to your topic. Consider what section of the paper these sub-issues best fit. There is no one correct section to include this information in, and the information might be in multiple sections. The important part is that you analyze these issues throughout the paper whenever appropriate. This should be at least 1,050 words total.

Notes from the Professor

Introduction: Ethical and Diversity Issues

Issues of ethics and diversity are interrelated and are an important part of sociology. You must include information about how your policy issue or case study is related to these two areas. What ethical issues does the policy issue present or does the organization or program face? How is diversity addressed or handled? How is social inequality perpetuated or ameliorated?

Welcome to Week Three of Public Sociology Capstone course!

In this week you’ll continue building your work for your paper—in particular, examining the issues of ethics and diversity related to the policy issue or case study you are focusing on. The questions of the week are: (1) what ethical issues does the policy issue present or does the organization or program you selected face?; (2) How is diversity addressed or handled with your policy issue or organization/program?; (3) How is social inequality perpetuated or ameliorated?

This week is largely an individual exploration of how ethics and diversity intersect with the policy issue or organization/program case study you selected.

Here’s a great resource about the “Ethics of Social Research”: 

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=14&ved=2ahUKEwjnsfCexZjnAhXKmeAKHWvMAKwQFjANegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sagepub.com%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fupm-binaries%2F34088_Chapter4 &usg=AOvVaw0uh4TOALcp6JaxCKzLb8R9

This chapter includes information on:

· The history of ethics in social research

· The modern protection of research subjects

· Other ethical dilemmas in social research

· Observing ethical values in the practice of research

· The impact of new technologies in social research

In addition, here’s a few interesting think pieces about diversity and social science research:

When Good Intentions Aren’t Supported by Social Science Evidence: Diversity Research and Policy: 

http://theconversation.com/when-good-intentions-arent-supported-by-social-science-evidence-diversity-research-and-policy-54875

Because Social Science Helps Us Enhance Diversity in the Interest of Positive Societal Outcomes: 

https://www.whysocialscience.com/blog/2017/11/7/because-social-science-helps-us-enhance-diversity-in-the-interest-of-positive-societal-outcomes

Diversity in Research Participation: Why It’s Important: 

https://recruit.ucsf.edu/diversity-research-participation-why-its-important

Cultural Competence in Research: 

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=22&ved=2ahUKEwij5qW7x5jnAhXxw1kKHVt_Dlk4FBAWMAF6BAgCEAE&url=https%3A%2F%2Fskilledwork.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F08%2FCCR-annotated-bibliography-10-12-10ver2-FINAL &usg=AOvVaw1qVPpA6ZMF9jm8koG2Xyut

PARENTS’ DEPORTATION 8

Effects of Parents’ Deportation on Children

Mary Garcia

SOC 6910 Public Sociology Capstone
Instructor: Sidra Montgomery

March 23, 2020

:

Effects of Parents’ Deportation on Children

Deportation is a traumatizing event for individuals going through the same. People move from their countries of origin as they flee from wars due to political calamities and even natural tragedies such as drought and floods. They end up settling in the host countries where they hope to start their lives anew, to create a life for themselves and their family. There are credible reasons necessitating deportation among them criminal acts, violation of visa terms, and when a person becomes a liability to the government of the host country. Nevertheless, small mistakes may be a reason for deportation. The exercise is troubling as it results in the separation of the family members, with the children being at the suffering end. In most situations, children are unable to express their pain and disappointments, and they only react when they interact with their peers and schoolmates. With the deportation of parents, children in some cases accompany their parents, while in others, they remain in the host country. Most children born to immigrant parents are legal citizens of the host countries. However, whether they decide to remain or move with their parents, children feel the effects of deportation.

A change in policies on immigration is rapidly increasing the number of deportation cases. Dreby (2015) outlines the change in immigration that has resulted in the separation of families and children suffering in the process. According to the author, the1990s marked the beginning of the changes in the immigration system in the United States with the changes entailing the tightening of the system. As a result, some families considered temporary separation, while others opted to live in divided borders. By the 21st century, the immigration system took a serious angle where there was a division of families even residing in the United States. Dreby (2015) highlighted the changes in immigration as destabilizing families and ongoing conversations on immigration reforms. Earlier, immigration debates included the right parties eliminating the influence from specific quarters such as unions, politicians, and business owners. However, the influence on the immigration debates by partisan politics hindered the actualization of immigration reforms and implementation of measures such as the DREAM Act that would offer permanent residence to the undocumented youths who had gone through the education system in the United States. If these youths have children, they suffer when their parents are deported due to the failure by the relevant authorities to implement immigration measures.

When parents become part of the migration process, the children inevitably become part of the process. Despite where they are born, García (2012) highlighted that the children have a similar experience as those families who were from a different country while living in another. In their new host countries, the author highlighted the immigrant parents as struggling with new patterns of behaviors, beliefs, and morality that they have to get assimilated to. Some of these changes may be contradicting their earlier held moral orientation. In the host countries, parents give birth and train children in line with the attitudes and beliefs of the host country. Difficulties stem where parents facing deportation have to go back to their countries.

In such situations, García (2012) stated that children have to struggle with the creation of continuity and to become competent. On their part, parents may not know the struggles of their children. The other highlighted other struggles of children whose parents have been deported where they receive contradicting information on issues such as racism. García (2012) outlined the psychological challenges faced by children whose parents have faced deportation. The cultural values of the new settlement differ from what they are used to. As such, such difficulties result in acculturative stress among these children affecting their behaviors, how they relate with their schoolmates, and even their academic performance. The experience of parents, especially mothers during deportation, also impact on the children.

Oliviera (2018) highlighted that women make up 40% of all the Mexican migrants in New York City alone. Also, women are the heads of 22% of Mexican immigrant families. As such, lots of families and children alike suffer when their Mexican parents are deported. Women are known for nurturing and being pillars for family members and children. They play a pivotal role in families and society at large. As such, the absence of women may result in most families becoming dysfunctional. While other family members might be able to cater to their needs in such circumstances, the children are left at the mercy of the society and community organizations such as the foster homes. The adaptation period for these children may result in behavioral and psychological challenges.

Political campaigns culminate with anti-immigration rhetoric, where each leader strives to show his or her prowess by making promises on changing the immigration situation. According to Morey (2018), the anti-immigration declarations result in health disparities, especially among the migrant population. The migrants face stigmatization from other community members that they used to seamlessly interact with before the political campaigns. The discrimination and isolation that the migrants experience following heated political campaigns could result in stress. The situation escalates when there are incidences of deportation and detainment of some of the immigrants. Going back to their host countries, immigrants face high stigmatization levels. When being deported, victims barely salvage properties or wealth they had amassed in their host countries. As such, arrival in their home countries is characterized by criticism and judgment, especially when they have nothing to their name. The case is worse when the children have to listen to the demeaning comments that people make about their parents and their situation. During deportation, parents make prompt decisions, not knowing that whether good or bad, they significantly impact on their children.

Amuedo-dorantes, Pozo, & Puttitanum (2015) voiced that most parents opt to leave their children behind following their deportation. They hope that after everything settles down, they may go back to their countries and reunite with their children and family members. While some children remain with relatives or even friends, others are left under foster care. In most cases, deported individuals migrate back to the same country they were deported from some years later. The period of separation between a parent and a child could be a life-changing moment for them. While some children may be in the care of understanding individuals, others may suffer due to being mistreated by these people who start viewing them as a burden. Amuedo-dorantes, Pozo, & Puttitanum (2015) highlighted that the involuntary separation increases anxiety, stress, depression, and fear among the involved children and adults. For the children, they may encounter social isolation and even develop hatred and mistrust towards the government that approved the deportation order. Such traits are some of the reasons behind the development of criminal gangs seeking to revenge against the injustice they experienced in their childhood. With an experience of deportation, many people, especially children, desire to disassociate with their identity.

Doering-White, Horner, Sanders, Martinez, and Lopez (2016) stated that the U.S. citizen children of immigrants experience tension and greater consequences. For these children, the fear of illegality drives them into hating their identity, while also making efforts to distance them from their identity. In picking up a new identity, these children may end up picking behaviors contradicting their morality, increasing their susceptibility to being on the wrong side of the law. Deportation also means disorientation of social reproduction. Among immigrants, each member of the family plays a pivotal role in ensuring the continuity of their cultural values and traditions. The case is worse were due to their minority status; these communities have to remain closely-knit. Social reproduction is more important among the minority groups as they determine their cohesiveness alongside the continuity of the community and generation at large. While trying to fulfill their responsibilities as immigrant parents, they face lots of challenges that interfere with their parental roles.

On the occasion children tag along with their deported parents, they face a lot of difficulties adopting the norms, values, and languages of the host country. In addition, they are confronted with religious and political views that are different from what they were used to. McKenna (2011) highlighted the case of Alyssa and Paul, who were children born to migrant parents. Having being born in the United States, they had developed a fluent command of the English language and could neither speak nor hear the language from their parents’ country of origin. With their heavy American accent, these children are bound to face lots of challenges adapting to the new country. McKenna (2011) added that the difference in ideologies between the United States and the new country that Alyssa and Paul are to live in. Due to the anti-American sentiments held by the other country about the United States, these children could be stigmatized by their immediate community. Different religious orientations also mean that these children could feel out of place. Despite desiring the best for their children, moving with their children could not be the best option for Alyssa’s parents.

In conclusion, the deportation of parents has undesired effects on children and their well-being. Parents are an important pillar in the lives of their children, and their absence disorients their lives. The parents are also important figures in the lives of other individuals, and with their deportation, the results are a dysfunctional family, disruption of the community interrelations, and social reproduction. Despite the valid reasons, the government in charge of deportation should look at the potential effects of the process and make a decision that would be considered to the person and parties associated with him or her.

References

Amuedo-dorantes, C., Pozo, S., & Puttitanum, T. (2015). Immigration enforcement, parent-child separations, and intent to remigrate by Central American deportees. Demography, 52(6), 1825-1851.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0431-0

Doering-White, J., Horner, P., Sanders, L., Martinez, R., & Lopez W. (2016). Testimonial Engagement: Undocumented Latina Mothers Navigating a Gendered Deportation Regime. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 17(2), 352-340.

https://doi/10.1007/s12134-014-0408-7

Dreby, J. (2015). Everyday illegal: When policies undermine immigrant families. Oakland, California: University of California Press

García, C. C. T. (2012). The impact of immigration on children’s development. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers

McKenna, K. (2011). A global perspective of children’s rights: Advocating for U.S.-citizen minors after parental deportation through federal subagency creation. Family Law Quarterly, 45(3), 397-417

Morey, B. N. (2018). Mechanisms by which anti-immigrant stigma exacerbates racial/ethnic health disparities. American Journal of Public Health, 108(4), 40-463.

https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304266

Oliveira, G. (2018). Motherhood across borders: Immigrants and their children in Mexico and New York. NYU Press

PROPOSAL 7

Proposal

March 16, 2020

Proposal

In this paper, the area of interest is the deportation of parents and the effect it has on children. As such, the research topic is; the effects of parents’ deportation on children. Children do not easily express their emotions and disappointment concerning particular issues. As such, a parent could easily assume that everything is fine, which could not be the case. Children that have experienced the deportation of their parents often experience a rollercoaster of emotions. If left unresolved, it could mark the starting point of major psychological and developmental challenges. Children often display challenges that they could be facing through incidents of violence against other challenges or even utterances that portray their pain and frustrations.

This topic is of great importance to me. First, children are very innocent, and in most situations, they end up suffering due to the choices made by the adults in their lives. On the other hand, deportation is not an appealing experience as it rips off a person’s dignity leaving them to deal with the harsh judgment of the world and the harsh reality of being an illegal immigrant. Also, deported individuals receive harsh treatment from government officials overseeing the process. Most immigrants have valid reasons for illegally moving into countries they perceive as safer. Some of these reasons are a need to run away from natural calamities such as drought and floods, or even running away from political instabilities. While some of the immigrants may be moving to the safer havens motivated by the wrong reasons, most of them have valid reasons that warrant them a better stay that would accord them physical and emotional tranquility. Changes n immigration laws always result in huge numbers of people being deported to their countries of origin. On such occasions, children suffer the most.

In exploring the research topic, the methodology to employ would be mixed-methods research. This method enables the collection of qualitative and quantitative data. When using qualitative and quantitative methods, there are advantages and disadvantages. However, when using the two combined through the mixed-methods research, it is possible to maximize the benefits accrued while minimizing the associated disadvantages. The mixed-methods would entail the use of questionnaires while supplementing the same with interviews. As such, it is possible to collect both numerical and qualitative data such as facial expression, tone, and body movements. While available research materials provide greater insight on the topic under study, getting first-hand experience from parents who have faced deportation who help provide a deeper understanding of the effects it has on children. While undertaking the methodology part, there would be a need for methods that would ensure the respondents are comfortable while enabling them to share their experiences during deportation willingly and the effects manifested in their children. For instance, there would be consideration of the support groups where individuals want to highlight their plight in the hands of the deportation officials.

In data analysis, a researcher reason analytically and logically to be more informed about the collected data. When conducting the data analysis, the purpose would be to create meaning out of the collected data to come up with an informed conclusion. The methodology shall entail the use of descriptive statistics for data analysis. This technique ensures the presentation and description of the data in the simplest form to enable a better understanding of the consumers of the information. The descriptive analysis enables the presentation of data in the form of graphs, percentages, pie charts hence simplifying the complicated information often collected in the research process. In their original form, data may not highlight what is to be presented, which may lead to confusion. For individuals not well-versed with the research processes, data presented in the form of graphs and charts could be easy to analyze and comprehend. Unlike other methods of data analysis, such as inference statistics, descriptive analysis ensures a general description of data and what it portrays. Despite using the mixed –methods, one cannot deny the important role played by the quantitative data. With the complex nature of using numerical data, descriptive statistics would help in simplifying the large amounts of data collected during the research. The large volumes of data become small summaries that could be comprehended by participants and individuals the research targets.

References

Amuedo-dorantes, C., Pozo, S., & Puttitanum, T. (2015). Immigration enforcement, parent-child separations, and intent to remigrate by Central American deportees. Demography, 52(6), 1825-1851.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0431-0

Baum, J. (2010). In the child’s best interest? The consequences of losing a lawful immigrant to parent deportation. DIANE Publishing

Dettlaff, A. J., & Fong, R. (2016). Immigrant and refugee children and families: Culturally responsive practice. Columbia University Press

Doering-White, J., Horner, P., Sanders, L., Martinez, R., & Lopez W. (2016). Testimonial Engagement: Undocumented Latina Mothers Navigating a Gendered Deportation Regime. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 17(2), 352-340.

https://doi/10.1007/s12134-014-0408-7

Dreby, J. (2010). Divided by borders: Mexican migrants and their children. Berkeley: University of California Press

Dreby, J. (2015). Everyday illegal: When policies undermine immigrant families. Oakland, California: University of California Press

Evans, F. B., & Hass, G. A. (2018). Forensic psychological assessment in immigration court: A guidebook for evidence-based and ethical practice. Taylor & Francis

García, C. C. T. (2012). The impact of immigration on children’s development. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers

Heidbrink, L. (2014). Migrant youth, transnational families, and the state: Care and contested interests. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press

In Boehm, D. A., & In Terrio, S. J. (2019). Illegal encounters: The effect of detention and deportation on young people. NYU Press

In De, G. N., & In Peutz, N. (2010). The Deportation regime: Sovereignty, space, and the freedom of movement. Duke University Press

In Haugen, D. M., & In Musser, S. (2013). The children of undocumented immigrants. Greenhaven Publishing LLC

Jacobs, J. L. (2016). The holocaust across the generations: Trauma and its inheritance among descendants of survivors. NYU Press

Lopez, W. D. (2019). Separated: Family and community in the aftermath of an immigration raid. JHU Press

Mayorga-Gallo, S., & Valdés, G. (2017). Mi padre: Mexican immigrant fathers and their children’s education. Teachers College Press

McKenna, K. (2011). A global perspective of children’s rights: Advocating for U.S.-citizen minors after parental deportation through federal subagency creation. Family Law Quarterly, 45(3), 397-417

Membreno, J. E., Huynh-Hohnbaum, A.-L., & California State University, Los Angeles. (2017). Parental Deportation: Psychological Effects on the Children Left Behind. California State University

Morey, B. N. (2018). Mechanisms by which anti-immigrant stigma exacerbates racial/ethnic health disparities. American Journal of Public Health, 108(4), 40-463.

https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304266

Oliveira, G. (2018). Motherhood across borders: Immigrants and their children in Mexico and New York. NYU Press

Regan, M. (2015). Detained and deported: Stories of immigrant families under fire. Beacon Press

Siemons, R., Raymond-flesh, M., Auerswald, C. L., & Brindis, C. D. (2017).coming of age on the margins: Mental health and wellbeing among Latino immigrant young adults eligible for Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 19(3), 543-551.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-016-0354-x

Silvia, R. V. (2018). Borders and badges: Arizona’s children confront detention and deportation through art. Latino Studies, 16(3), 310-340.

https://doi.org/10.1057/s41276-018-0132-0

Suárez-Orozco, C. (2009). Children of immigration. Cambridge: Harvard University Press

Yoshikawa, H. (2011). Immigrants raising citizens: Undocumented parents and their young children. New York, New York: Russell Sage Foundation

Zayas, L. H. (2015). Forgotten citizens: Deportation, children, and the making of American exiles and orphans. Oxford University Press