Assignment: Measures of Central Tendency and Variability
Last week, you learned how to summarize a distribution by using frequency distribution tables and various graphs. The shape the frequency distribution forms is important, but frequency tables and graphs are not always the most efficient or meaningful way to summarize large amounts of data. In addition to graphing the shape of the distribution, statistics can be computed to provide even more information about the scores. Measures of central tendency tell us how the scores in the data set “hang together.” What score or scores are “typical” for the data set? Measures of variability help us understand how scores are spread out. How big are the distances between scores? Computing measures of central tendency, such as the mean, median, and mode, and measures of variability, such as the range and standard deviation, is often the first step researchers take after collecting data for a study.
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This application will allow you to practice computing and interpreting some common measures of central tendency and measures of variability, both by hand and with the statistical software package SPSS. Download the data set that you will use for this assignment from the Weekly Data Set forum. Be sure to watch this week’s instructional video in the introduction or Learning Resources folder before beginning your Application Assignment.
Scenario: Imagine that your employer is hosting a walking competition. Employees are to report the number of minutes they walk each week. Your employer has asked you to compute descriptive statistics on the data from the first week of the competition to help him know how much people are walking.
You can find the data for this Assignment in the Weekly Data Set forum in the Discussions area of the course navigation menu.
To complete this Assignment, submit by Day 7 calculations of the following measures of central tendency and measures of variability by hand:
By Day 7
To complete this Assignment, submit calculations of the following measures of central tendency and measures of variability by hand:
- Mean
- Median
- Mode
- Range
- Deviation of the highest score from the mean
- Estimated population standard deviation
- ∑X2 (explain your calculations, but you do not need to interpret this result in relation to the scenario)
- (∑X)2 (explain your calculations, but you do not need to interpret this result in relation to the scenario)
For each measure you compute by hand, include an explanation of:
- Your calculations (explain the steps)
- What that measure tells you about the number of minutes walked by employees
For example, each of your answers might look something like this: “The mean of this sample is ______ minutes walked in the first week. The mean is calculated by _________________. The mean tells me that participants in the sample walked ____________ in the first week.”
- Compute the mean and standard deviation in SPSS and report them in your answer document. Note: Your hand-calculated mean and standard deviation may differ somewhat from the calculations in SPSS due to rounding.
- Without redoing any calculations, think critically about how each measure would be affected if the lowest score was eliminated from the data set. Explain if each measure (mean, median, mode, deviation of the highest score from the mean, and standard deviation) would increase, decrease, or stay the same.
- Identify the type of distribution (positive skew, negative skew, or normal distribution) the data create. Explain how you know the type of distribution and what it tells you about the sample.
Write your responses in your own words. It is acceptable to number your answers, but do not copy and paste the questions into your answer document.
Be sure to fully explain the rationale for your answer to each question, including evidence from the text and learning resources.
Provide an APA reference list.
Submit three documents for grading:
- Your text (Word) document with your answers and explanations to the assignment questions, your SPSS Data file, and your SPSS Output file.
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Visit our Contact Us page for international numbers.
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What is SPSS?
SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, is a software package that provides users with statistical analysis, modeling, predictive, and survey research tools used in many of Walden’s courses and advanced research activities.
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About Us
Contact Information
When To
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Walden
University
Academic Guides
Customer Care Team
SPSS
Home
Installing SPSS
SPSS Basics
SPSS Tutoring
Welcome!
Welcome to the SPSS website. Learn more about SPSS by clicking one of the buttons above.
Phone Numbers for SPSS assistance
1-800-WALDENU [1-612-925-3368]
Visit our Contact Us page for international numbers.
Customer Care is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (closed most major holidays).
What is SPSS?
SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, is a software package that provides users with statistical analysis, modeling, predictive, and survey research tools used in many of Walden’s courses and advanced research activities.
Who to Contact for SPSS Assistance
I have a question on…
-
Installing SPSS contact the Customer Care Team
-
Inputting an SPSS License Code contact the Customer Care Team
-
Updating an SPSS License Code contact the Customer Care Team
-
Using SPSS contact the Academic Skills Center
-
Tutoring for SPSS contact the Academic Skills Center
Search Box
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Search Quick Answers
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Search the SST website
Search
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Career Services
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Field Experience
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Military Services
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Office of Student Experiential Learning Services
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Student Affairs
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Student Success Advising
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Writing Center
Centers
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Center for Academic Excellence
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Center for Degree Acceleration
-
Center for Research Quality
-
Center for Social Change
Student Resources
-
Doctoral Capstone Resources
-
e-Guide
-
Form & Style Review
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Quick Answers
-
ScholarWorks
-
Walden Bookstore
-
Walden Catalog & Student Handbook
Walden
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Walden University
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myWalden
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