All details attached. 

I have done the annotated bib and one page of the paper.

So I just need you to make the essay itself to be 3 pages instead of 1

So I only need 2 more pages from you

I need asap

Cultural Differences in Parenting x
Running Head: CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN PARENTING

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CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN PARENTING

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Annotated Bibliography

Chang, M. (2007). Cultural differences in parenting styles and their effects on teens’ self-esteem, perceived parental relationship satisfaction, and self-satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie Mellon University).
This resource looks at the influence different types of parenting may have on children. Using a study involving 156 teenagers from New Jersey, the research determines this effect on teenagers’ self-esteem and overall satisfaction with themselves and their parents. In many cases, a parent’s role in their relationship with their children plays a huge part in their development. The results of the research showed that there was no significant disparity between race and parenting but there was significant difference indicating a huge difference in parenting between races.
Chao, R., & Kanatsu, A. (2008). Beyond socioeconomics: Explaining ethnic group differences in parenting through cultural and immigration processes. Applied Development Science, 12(4), 181-187.
This study examines culture and socioeconomic factors in understanding the difference in monitoring, behavioural control and warmth. Some of the variables of this study include the education and employment levels of parents, the number of siblings in a home and homeownership among many others. The study was conducted on 591 European Americans, 123 African Americans, 1614 Asian Americans and 597 Latino students in 9th grade. Differences were found between different groups and explained as factors of ethnicity and nationality.
Ho, C., Bluestein, D. N., & Jenkins, J. M. (2008). Cultural differences in the relationship between parenting and children’s behaviour. Developmental psychology, 44(2), 507.
The study in this paper observed the relationship between ethnicity and children’s affinity for aggression and emotional problems. Data from 14990 children were collected and analysed and an association was noted between parental harshness and aggression in children. However, the relationship between parental harshness with the emotional problems of the child did not differ with regards to different ethnic groups.
Shapka, J. D., & Law, D. M. (2013). Does one size fit all? Ethnic differences in parenting behaviours and motivations for adolescent engagement in cyberbullying. Journal of youth and adolescence, 42(5), 723-738.
This paper was important because it brings a modern problem which is cyberbullying on adolescents and its association to different ethnic groups. Parenting behaviours and their effect on cyber aggression were explored. Adolescents completed self-report questionnaires about their engagement in cyberbullying, perceptions of their parents’ behaviours about their online activities, their motivations for cyberbullying, as well as several other relevant psychosocial and demographic variables.

Synthesis Essay

Around the world, different people have different styles of parenting. In some cultures, children are expected to be quiet at all times and respect their elders while in other children are expected to be expressive and to speak up with the aim of being their independence. In this paper, we analyse the different types of parenting across different ethnic groups with relation to child behaviour on factors such as aggression, self-esteem and overall satisfaction with themselves and their parents.
Different researchers argue differently about this topic. For instance, Chang (2007), observed that there was no significant difference between a child confidence level and the type of parenting at home. Chao (2008) on the other hand observed that socioeconomic factors played a key role in children’s behaviour. Ho (2008) concluded that the relationship between parental harshness with the emotional problems of the child did not differ with regards to different ethnic groups. Lastly, Shapka (2013) observed that while cyber aggression was a factor of the parenting conditions at home, it was not a factor of ethnic differences. All these researchers collected data from children at different levels of growth and development making the data unbiased and consistent.

The conclusion is that although parenting methods may differ from different ethnic groups, there is no one group that exhibits one strong character than the rest. It is not possible to say for instance, that children brought up with an authoritarian form of parenting have more self-esteem or aggression than the rest. While it is important for children to be brought up within their cultures, it really does not impact how they end up behaving towards other children or adults at school or in the playground.

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