EXAM3– Review Questions from Previous Exams
1. Jessie thinks that people eat more chocolate when they’re in a bad mood. Jessie knows that
people generally eat an average of 4.1 chocolate bars per month and that the number of chocolate
bars people eat per month is normally distributed. Therefore, to test her theory, she selects 25
people who report that they have been in a bad mood for the past year and finds that these 25
people ate an average of 4.4 chocolate bars per month, standard deviation 0.5. Is Jessie right? (9)
2. (10 marks) Monica believes that people who meditate live happier lives. To test her theory, Monica
asks people to rate their happiness on a scale from 1-10. She uses a sample of 6 people who don’t
meditate and another sample of 6 people who meditate regularly. Is Monica’s theory correct?
SSno meditation = 10, SSmeditation = 10.83
No
meditation
Meditation
4 8
6 7
7 5
5 8
3 6
5 9
3. (3 marks) Antonia also thinks that meditation will change happiness levels, but she’s not sure in which
direction the change will occur. So, Antonia decides to use a different design and tests 5 people before
and after undergoing a meditation regimen. The data follows. Construct the 95% Confidence Interval
for the average change in happiness ratings (Note: you do not have to conduct a t-test, you just have to
construct the confidence interval). The estimated standard error of the difference is 0.86.
Before After
3 5
5 6
6 4
4 7
5 5
BONUS: Explain the meaning of what you just calculated in one sentence.
BONUS: If you had conducted a t-test, would you have rejected or failed to reject the null?
BONUS: If Antonia had used a larger sample, would her confidence interval be narrower (i.e., smaller) or
wider (i.e., larger)?
4. (12 marks) Julian wants to know if playing an instrument affects people’s hearing. So, he recruits 5
piano players, 5 flute players and 5 percussionists and tests them all to see how many words they can
hear in a noisy environment. The data follows. Is there evidence that the type of instrument one plays
affects a person’s hearing?
Piano Flute Percussion
10 5 4
6 7 8
8 9 3
5 8 10
11 6 5
T = 40 T = 35 T = 30
s = 2.55 s = 1.58 s = 2.92
BONUS: If Julian only compared piano players and flute players (i.e., two groups only), what would have
been his decision for the corresponding t-test?
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