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This week, you will write a comprehensive APA analysis paper utilizing all the knowledge you have gained in Introduction to Juvenile Justice (CCJ4295). Use what you have learned from the READ and ATTEND sections throughout the entire course (including Unit 5). If you need support on how to formulate your APA Analysis paper, . Use proper source crediting and DO NOT self-plagiarize from the previous week’s assignments.

• Why it is important to have a separate justice system for juveniles? Discuss the difference between the goals of juvenile courts and the goals of adult courts. Are juvenile courts effective in meeting their goal?

• What factors drive juvenile behaviors and delinquency? What can be done to reduce juvenile delinquency and juvenile gang membership?

• How has case law (court opinions) played a role in the protection of specific constitutional rights of juveniles?

• What are some alternative corrections methods for juvenile offenders? In your opinion, which are effective, and which are not?

• As law enforcement or other criminal justice professional, how could you apply what you learned in this course about Juvenile Justice?

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Fordecades, juvenile justice has proved to have more compassion when it comes to the defence of children based policies. Reduction in crimes has led to a more profound polices that makes it difficult to detain under-age due to the availability of laws to guide them. Lately, due to US Supreme Court argument children receives different treatment constitutionally as compared to the adults. All this argument is

given with the intention of offering maximum protection to the children. It is however not in line with some court proceedings that prohibits the vices. In addition the juvenile system is based suited in ensuring that law and order are maintained at all times. 

Based on the same, it is clear that children meet with a lot of violence during their daily routine. It is with such activities that the consideration of protecting them is on a higher trend. The Supreme Court decisions are to ensure that prior arrangements are made with the intention of protecting the rights of the children. Trauma is also a challenge that was considered before the juvenile court system for administering justice when it comes to children welfare. Children being exposed to trauma will expose them to broader consequences which in return will affect their health. Never the less, all the policies are changed as a result evidence produced by medics. The considerations by the courts are essential in that in a situation of increased violence of misbehaviour, a proper judgment by the courts will be given without hesitation. From the review above, it is clear to say that the protection of children rights is very important and government court systems should adapt to that always hence giving out fair judgement.

REFERENCES

U.S. Department of Justice. (2010). Defending childhood: Protect, heal, thrive. Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gov/ag/defendingchildhood/dc-factsheet

Mills, J. R., Dorn, A. M., & Hritz, A. C. (2015). No hope: Re-examining lifetime sentences for juvenile offenders. The Phillips Black Project. Retrieved from http://static1.squarespace.com/static/55bd511ce4b0830374d25948/t/5600cc20e4b0f36b5caabe8a/1442892832535/JLWOP+2

Juveniles often face a lot of challenges when they are taken to jail. The justice system viewsthem as criminals and therefore fail to acknowledge why the crimes were committed and at what cost they were committed. Therefore, the juveniles are judged as adults and even given the same sentences, which is quite dangerous to such a minor’s development. When at the juvenile centers, the minors need adequate services, care, and protection for their well-being and growth until they complete their jail terms. This is not the case with some juveniles since they are victims of sexual harassment, bullying, fights, etc. (Griesser & Suzuki, 2017). The juvenile centers should not be centers for creating warriors, bullies, and sexual offenders. 

Society expects reforms when juveniles are released back into the outside world. When it is not the case, much needs to be done in juvenile centers to bring the best out of inmates. Therefore, the family’s follow-ups need to be done to see whether their kids receive the best care. If not, such facilities should be closed down since they are not serving their purposes. Therefore, with adequate protection, the juveniles stand a better chance of being safe since the environment is conducive. Rehabilitation can be easily achieved in such a case, and within no time, such a juvenile can resume normal functions away from jail life. Jail systems should not champion insecurity since it has adverse effects on the juveniles and the rehabilitation process(Woolard et al., 2016). Therefore, much needs to be done to help secure the juveniles to complete their jail terms and become upstanding members of society

References

Griesser, M., & Suzuki, T. N. (2017). Naive juveniles are more likely to become breeders after witnessing predator mobbing. The American Naturalist, 189(1), 58–66.

Woolard, J. L., Henning, K., & Fountain, E. (2016). Power, process, and protection: Juveniles as defendants in the justice system. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 51, 171–201.

A political economy involves trading activities that are involved with the law, custom, and the government. The political economy also deals in the wealth and income distribution of a nation. Political economy also deals with how public policy is created and implemented. A political economy comprises a classical political economy that involves competition for resources to achieve specific targets and a modern political economy that deals with Marxism, liberalism, and economic nationalism(Elrod & Ryder, 2020). Therefore, the political economy is a double-edged sword and has various impacts on the juvenile justice system’s practice.

Taking a cost-benefit approach to the juvenile justice system is costly and outweighs the benefits associated with it. A study of youth’s 1997 cohort shows that over one million juvenile criminals were arrested. The arrests, therefore, hinder the juvenile’s ability to participate in other useful activities. Therefore, the political economy policies are a hindrance and have some interest to a particular group in society. Therefore, the juvenile centers should act as rehabilitation centers to nature the minors and explore other opportunities that can help improve society(Dreher & Lang, 2019). Changes in policies also need to be put in place to help change the society from a competitive political economy to a modern political economy that is all-inclusive.

Maintaining the juveniles is, therefore, quite expensive. Educating the minors and showing them various skills could positively impact the economy. Punishing them, keeping them away from family, yet they have committed offenses could be avoided if specific policies were changed within the political economy setting.  

 
References

Dreher, A., & Lang, V. F. (2019). The political economy of international organizations. In The Oxford Handbook of Public Choice, Volume 2.

Elrod, P., & Ryder, R. S. (2020). Juvenile justice: A social, historical, and legal perspective. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Social class has been an issue over time and therefore created biasness within the society. Arrest data, self-report data, and cohort studies support the fact that the justice system is not fair and profiles a particular class within the society. The media has also portrayed the rich as hardworking individuals; hence they are not associated with crime. On the other hand, the media has tarnished the poor’s image and profiled them as low lives, hence associated with crime, drugs, hunger, etc., which is not the case (Elrod & Ryder, 2020). Therefore, it is not easy for the poor in society to enjoy justice with profiling, hence a racial bias in the juvenile justice system.

Most poor juvenile prisoners have a poor background and the margin wider from those in the middle and elite groups. The biasness is brought from financial differences as the poor have no bail money and have fewer connections to help twist the judiciary’s arm. In this relation, the poor therefore profiled in arrests and are seen as suspects in the court of law, contributing to a higher number of poor juvenile prisoners. Therefore, the narrative needs to change the narrative; hence, the juvenile justice system’s policies need to change. Crime should not be judged according to crime, and the judges hearing the cases should also not act under the influence of money(Goldson & Muncie, 2015). Class profiling should be a thing of the past, and every individual should face the law according to the charges committed and not a class.

 References

Elrod, P., & Ryder, R. S. (2020). Juvenile justice: A social, historical, and legal perspective. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Goldson, B., & Muncie, J. (2015). Youth crime and justice. Sage.