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Social and Behavioral Factors

Public Health Issue Analysis

Type 1 juvenile diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent, is a chronic autoimmune disease that afflicts children and teens and is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among these age groups (Barnetz, Z., & Feigin, R. (2012). That afflicts approximately 30 million people in the United States, about 1.25 million have type 1 diabetes. Recent studies have shown fifty percent of people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes are over the age of 20. Every year, approximately 40,000 people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, and this number is on the rise. Insulin and glucose are processed after a person eats a meal; food is broken down into glucose and nutrients, which absorbed into the bloodstream. This process will cause sugar levels in the blood to rise and will trigger the pancreas to process the hormone insulin and send it into the bloodstream (Nakayasu, E. S., et al., 2020).

In-person(s) with diabetes, the body either cannot make or cannot respond to insulin appropriately. It means the sugar stays in the bloodstream rather than getting into cells, where the sugar is used for energy. Because they were not converted into energy, the people with type 1 diabetes take artificial insulin throughout the day to offset high blood sugars. They take this medicine multiple doses of insulin daily, through injections or an insulin pump worn on the body. On the one hand, these measures are undoubtedly helpful for maintaining a steady blood sugar level (Basso RVJ, & Pelech WJ., 2008). Many variables go into diabetes management, such as diet, exercise, hormones, stress levels, and many more. Unfortunately, as it is today, there is no cure for diabetes, maybe in the future. Each child who is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Will have the condition for the rest of his/her life until there is a cure. The risk of developing diabetes is higher than virtually every other childhood, chronic illness. Studies estimated one out of every three babies born each day will probably have diabetes in their lifetime (Nakayasu, E. S., et al., 2020).

Social and behavioral factors

The social and behavioral factors that cause an increase in childhood diabetes, also called juvenile diabetes, are complicated — discussing the cause of childhood diabetes with pediatricians in Sinai Hospital Baltimore, Maryland, my place of volunteer work. The doctor’s told me, the origin of the factors is complicated. The doctor’s said there are two sides to look at childhood diabetes. First, I was told that children who are born with the condition; the cause might be a result of the parent’s social behavior during pregnancy — for example, unhealthy eating, alcohol, smoking, etc. Second, the children that got condition after birth may have got it from the unhealthy nutrition from the parents, the groups they keep, or the community.

Program or Intervention Analysis

The intervention is three one-year cycles of an evaluation study of a mentoring program for children and adolescents with juvenile diabetes. The program aims to increase the adolescent’s teamwork and acquiescence with the demands of treatment. The program focuses on an attempt to understand the nature of the relationship between the adolescents and their mentors, from their perception and feelings of how this relationship will help them cope with the numerous challenges posed by they have the condition. The intervention reveals three themes: the mentor-mentee relationship patterns, the central significance of the mentee’s observation of the mentor’s behavior, and the emotional effects of the encounter with the mentor. The program findings engage in understanding the dynamics of mentor-mentee relationships in the social-emotional community of adolescents with juvenile diabetes, and the significance of these understandings for providing professional assistance (Insel RA, Deecher DC, & Brewer J., 2012).

The purpose of this program is to create motivation in diabetic children and adolescents living with the nutritional and medical demands of diabetes by employing a responsible medical treatment. Also, heightening the adolescents’ the significance of undergoing medical treatment, improving acceptance of the condition, and providing knowledge that will help them cope independently (Insel RA, Deecher DC, & Brewer J., 2012).

The study conducted over three years, and in effect, monitored three groups over one year of activity. The mentees were recruited through all the medical centers in the district, and clinics that treat juvenile diabetes, and the Juvenile Diabetes Association. Meetings were held with the medical staff, and information transferred to adolescents through caregivers and nurses. The number of participants and of those who completed the years include first year 12 participants, 9 participants completed the year age between 10 to 17year old. Second-year 8 participants, 6 participants, finished the year age between 10 to 17year old. In the third year, 12 participants, 9 participants, ended the year age between 10.5 to 17.5year old. The three years program experimented with 32 participants with 17 boys and 15 girls. Only 24 participants total completed the program (Insel RA, Deecher DC, & Brewer J., 2012).

The successes and failures

The studies emphasize three themes: the first relates to the relationship patterns identified between mentors and mentees, in which we found four types of relationship: the recreational partner, the soul mate, the social worker, and the admiring role model. The second theme deals with the thread that unifies the four patterns, which is the mentees’ observation of their mentors’ direct behavior and the values and attitudes expressed in that behavior. The third theme relates to the emotional effect of the intervention on the mentees ((Insel RA, Deecher DC, & Brewer J., 2012).