Describe how an SDN/IBN architecture would look different than network architectures we have traditionally deployed. Compare and contrast the network architectures and discuss the pros and cons of each.

The paper should include the following sections:

• introduction to software-defined networking (SDN) (discussed in Week 3)
• introduction to intent-based networking (IBN) (discussed in Week 4)
• discussion on how virtualizing the desktop and now back-end infrastructure are complementary and related
• discussion of how SDN and IBN are related

Company Highlights
● The organization currently maintains 2,000 Microsoft Windows desktop computers

for the workforce. As you recall, these desktop computers were about to be
refreshed. The organization is currently considering the Dell Optiplex series.
Specifically, each computer would have a Intel Core i5 processor, run Microsoft
Windows 10, contain 8GB DDR4 RAM, and have a 256GB solid state drive. The
rough estimate for each PC is $1,250, which equates to a $2,500,000 upgrade cost
to the organization.

● Microsoft Office runs on each of these computers. The license fee for each
computer is $150, which equates to a $300,000 outlay. The organization typically
upgrades all PCs with the latest version of Microsoft Office when it is released.

● The organization used multiples instances of Oracle Database. These databases
are distributed across 10 Dell PowerEdge servers. These servers cost a minimum of
$2,159 each, for a total cost of $21,580.

● The organization maintains an additional 20 Dell PowerEdge servers for a variety of
reasons to include email, file backup, remote access, etc. The total cost to refresh
each of these servers is $3,000 for a total cost of $60,000.

● The organization maintains various networking devices. The total cost of this
equipment is $3,000,000 and yearly refresh costs are $750,000.

● The organization maintains a suite of network security hardware and software
solutions. They include a DMZ configuration, multiple firewalls, VPN hardware,
antivirus solutions, intrusion detection and protection devices, and log management
solutions. The total yearly hardware and software costs for the organization
cybersecurity efforts are $2,000,000.

● The organization also allows users to access the network via their company-issued
Android phones, or iPads. Employees receive a mobile device with VPN software
installed so that they may remotely access company systems when they are at
home, or traveling.

● Because this is a notional example and assignment, you may make further
assumptions about the organization IT environment. There is no need to ask your
instructor for permission. Simply make explicit your assumptions in the white paper.
For example, you are free to assume the number of IT professionals, their
specialties, and more importantly the cost to run the IT department.

CMIT 495, Paper Guidelines

This is applicable to ALL papers submitted during this class session.

Guidelines

·

Every paper MUST conform to APA Standards and will be graded as such. Below are additional requirements for every paper.

· Resources for APA:

· UMGC Library –

https://sites.umgc.edu/library/libhow/gethelp-citing.cfm

· Purdue University –

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html

· Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th Edition –

amazon

. (If you continue with your Master’s Program at UMGC, this book will be useful. Your Professor owns it and will reference this book).

· Every submitted paper has a title, author, course and section, followed by the Professors information on the first page.  The title is centered, three inches from top of the page.  The title must be centered in all caps and be the Title of the assignment due.  The course and section identifiers must be on the second line below the title, centered.

· Every submitted paper should have a Table of Contents (TOC). The second page is where the TOC should be next, followed by the body and then the reference pages.

· Note: Only the Body of the paper (e.g. not the Title Page, TOC, or Reference page) count towards page count.

· Text must be in Times or Times New Roman font, 11pt, 1.5 line or double spacing.

· In the Body of paper, pages must be numbered at the bottom, with the page number centered right on the page.

· When the paper states page count, the paper must be a full page to qualify -half pages do not count). Example if minimum page count is 5, the body of the paper MUST BE a full/complete five pages to count. It must also conform to APA standards.

· At least five authoritative/scholarly sources are a minimum per paper. Outside references are required (anonymous authors, Wikipedia, any news site/source, any blog site, etc. are not acceptable as scholarly sources).

· Appropriate citations are required. See the syllabus regarding plagiarism policies.

· Original Papers are to be submitted in word document format, not pdf or alternate format.

· The Turnitin Originality Report IN FULL must be submitted in the assignments folder in Adobe format.

· This will be graded on quality of research topic, quality of paper information, use of citations, grammar and sentence structure, and creativity

Dozier- SDN & IBN White Paper 2

Table of Contents

I. Introduction to Software-Defined Networking (SDN) ……………………………… 3

II. Introduction to Intent-Based Networking (IBN) ……………………………………. 4

III. Virtualizing the Desktop/ How Back-end Infrastructure are Complementary and

Related ……………………………………………………………………………….. 6

IV. SDN and IBN relation ……………………………………………………………….. 7

V. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………… 8

VI. References …………………………………………………………………………… 9

Dozier- SDN & IBN White Paper 3

Software-Defined Networking is a modern approach to cloud computing is defined as thephysical separation of the network control plane from the forwarding plane, and where a control plane operates numerous devices (Open Networking, 2019). Each function within SDN is createdto improve the network performance and management to ensure the efficiency of the network. SDN is known to be similar to cloud computing with the predominant attribute being the dissociation of the switch control plane from the data plane. The intention of Software-Defined Networking is to design, manage, and run the network to where all change is practical and dependable (“The SDN Architecture”, 2019). The Software-Defining Networking architecture is much different other networking infrastructures because its software functions on all parts of the networking architecture. SDN was created to offer open interfaces that permit the development of software that can control the connectivity delivered by a collection of network resources and the stream of network movement through them, along with possible examination and alteration of traffic that may be completed in the network (“The SDN Architecture”, 2019).SDN changes the way that networks function and how they are managed within an enterprise because it is set up in a centralized manner. There are quite a few aspects of SDN architecture. The SDN Application layer houses applications that perform certain tasks and can substitute, along with expand, functions that are employed through firmware within the network architecture. This allows for enhanced programmability and unambiguous control of resources uncovered by the SDN controller (“The SDN Architecture”, 2019). The SDN Controller Layer manages the flow of data between devices and nodes within the network. All communications must travel through the controller, providing the ability of intelligent networking. Below is an image showing the architecture of a Software-Designed Network.

Dozier- SDN & IBN White Paper 52019). Awareness of state is the third characteristic. It is when data is collected to consistentlyoversee network procedures. Finally, the last key characteristic of an IBN is assurance and dynamic optimization and remediation. The final characteristic ensures that the application of procedures and remedial action is mechanical (AVI Networks, 2019). An Intent-Based networking approach provides a user with the capability to specify intent in which the system will perform automatically, greatly reducing the need for a human administrator. Once the administrator specifies the actions the IBN should perform, and under what circumstances, then the IBN can perform automatically and allow the IT administrator to focus on other important tasks.

Below is an image showing the general architecture of Intent-Based Networking.

Virtualizing the Desktop/How Back-end Infrastructure are Complementary and RelatedDesktop virtualization is the idea of isolating an operating system instance from the server that is used to gain entry to it. By virtualizing a desktop, resources within the organization can be greatly saved. During virtualization, the preferences for each computer is hosted outside of the local machine which allows organizations to severely decrease the number of servers needed, saving an extensive amount of money and space. Virtualized servers are typically interconnected to a central server that performs all of the work which is delivered to a separate device to allow access to the system. Virtualization is compromised of a front-end and a back-end. The front-end of the system is known as the client-side and is everything involved with what the user sees (Pluralsight, 2015). The back-end is the server-side which is how the site works and changes, and is typically concerned with security and management of the content (Pluralsight, 2015). Space can be quite limited within some businesses, which means that virtualization canbe vitally beneficial to providing the necessary working devices for each employee to work remotely and from multiple different devices. While virtualization and cloud computing are often substituted for each other, they are very different. Virtualization is a physical infrastructure that tends to be a higher cost up front, but will save the organization money in the long run. Cloud computing is a service that charges a subscription fee based upon the amount of use (Daly, 2012). Both options provide an organization with the option to save a large amount of money. Virtualization provides a large amount of mobility which allows employees and the employer to perform work from almost anywhere. The actions that occur

Dozier- SDN & IBN White Paper 7within the back-end infrastructure has a large impact on the virtualization, or the front-end, of the system that employees and the employer would interact with. The image below demonstrates the application of front-end and back-end infrastructures.

Dozier- SDN & IBN White Paper 9ReferencesAVI Networks. 2019. What is Intent-Based Networking? Retrieved from https://avinetworks.com/what-is-intent-based-networking/ Daly, J. 2012. What is Virtualization: A Guide to Virtualization’s Benefits and Types. Retrieved from https://edtechmagazine.com/higher/article/2012/10/what-virtualization Darabont, O., Kiss, K., and Domokos, J. 2015. Performance Analysis of Remote Desktop Virtualization Based on Hyper-V Versus Remote Desktop Services. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276292409_Performance_Analysis_of_Remote_Desktop_Virtualization_based_on_Hyper-V_versus_Remote_Desktop_Services Johnson, J. 2014. Why you need software-defined security for your SDN. Retrieved from https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/tip/Why-you-need-software-defined-security-for-your-SDN Kang, J., and Sanchez, M. 2017. Troubleshooting for Intent-Based Networking. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/OpenNetworkingSummit/ons2017-troubleshooting4-ibnprint Open Networking. 2019. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Definition. Retrieved from https://www.opennetworking.org/sdn-definition/ Pluralsight. 2015. What’s the Difference Between the Front-End and Back-End?. Retrieved fromhttps://www.pluralsight.com/blog/film-games/whats-difference-front-end-back-end The SDN Architecture. 2019. Retrieved from https://learn.umuc.edu/d2l/le/content/425801/viewContent/14829215/View

Dozier- SDN & IBN White Paper 10What is Intent-Based Networking (IBN)?. 2019. Retrieved from https://learn.umuc.edu/d2l/le/content/425801/viewContent/14829218/View