you will create a video presentation, in which you present your research proposal to colleagues in the early childhood field. In your presentation, you will explain how your research can contribute to positive social change in the field of early childhood studies.

Your response to this Assessment should:

• Reflect the criteria provided in the Rubric, which provides information on how the Assessment will be evaluated.
• Adhere to the required assignment length.
• Use the APA course paper template available here. All submissions must follow the conventions of scholarly writing. Properly formatted APA citations and references must be provided where appropriate.

RC005 DEVELOPING RESEARCH PROPOSALS

PowerPoint video presentation

Part II: Sharing and Reflection

The video presentation must be 3–5 minutes and include an:

1. Introduction that explains your research question, how you arrived at the research question, and the methodology

2. Explanation of how this research can contribute to positive social change in the early childhood field.

3. All slides should be detailed and list the information above please citate all information and list references

4. At least 10 – 12 slides along with references slide included.

Running Head: RESEARCH PROPOSAL 1

RESEARCH PROPOSAL 2

Effects of Poverty on Early Childhood Development

Student Name

Institution

Abstract

Poverty is an issue affecting the world and the children at large. Low-income families are unable to provide some basic needs that children need for their development. The purpose of the study is to analyze is there is a connection between poverty and early childhood development. The research is quantitative, where the dependent variable is early childhood development, and the independent variable is poverty. The sample size is 50 children randomly selected from school, whereby 25 are from poor backgrounds, and the other 25 are from well-off families. The study is longitudinal because it will take place for four years. The results obtained will help either to reject or not reject the null hypothesis of the study. If the study shows a positive relationship, there is a need for further studies to be conducted to ensure that the correct inference is made. The research data may not be sufficient enough to make inferences about the whole population’s poverty issue on childhood development.

Introduction

The study is to show the relationship between poverty and the effects it has on the children that live in the settings. Poverty is an aspect that affects not only the children but also the rest of the world. The study will be conducted for the children that live in poverty and establish the effects it has on early childhood development. Research shows that a child raised in poverty may not be as likely as a child raised in a well-off family to succeed. This is due to the challenges the children encounter. Some of the problems can be changed, but some are unchangeable.

The challenges the children have in their childhood affects how they become when they grow (Chaudry & Wimer, 2016). Some, since they cannot afford education, grow up to become criminals because they want to make a living. They resolve into activities that are not good because they do not receive the basic needs that they require at their homes. Examples of children that are mostly affected by poverty are the ones from minority communities. The study shows the challenges the children face even in their schools where they learn and at home. Children from poor backgrounds may face difficulties like discrimination from other kids who do not live in poverty. The challenges are the ones that depict the outcome of the children in their early childhood development stage.

Statement of the problem

In the United States and the United Kingdom, nearly every state is affected by poverty, and there has not been much improvement in the sector over the last years. The problem that is there is that wealthy neighborhoods tend to discriminate against the poor ones, and there seems to be no help to support each other. Poverty is a factor affecting most people, and the main focus is on young children who live in the conditions. It is disturbing how it affects their early childhood development. The developmental effects include social, mental health, and academics (Hamilton, 2019). All children have dreams of living a good life and attaining success. It is not good that they face such challenges at their young age because it makes them develop into adults that they are not supposed to be. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the challenges they face and how they can be resolved before the children get affected at their developmental stages.

Study Significance

The purpose of the study is to link the association between poverty and early childhood development if it exists. The topic of discussion has not been so much explored because people believe that children develop according to how their childhood educator teaches them. What people fail to understand is that poverty also plays a significant role in shaping children into adults. The first years of a child are vital in their development, and it is essential to clear any obstacles that may hinder proper growth. Helping children who come from low-income families at their young age will help their development and also the state of the economy.

Research question

What is the association between poverty the children who live in the conditions’ development?

Hypothesis

The null hypothesis of the study is that there is less or no association between poverty, and the growth of the children living in the conditions and the alternative hypothesis is that there is association.

Literature Review

Few researchers have conducted a study on the poverty problem in the United States, and it affects early childhood development. A child requires a pleasant environment at home and in school to help develop his or her social skills. Communities that are faced with poverty have limited resources. The communities are made up of families where children are contained. The children from these families face challenges at school, such as stress, which hinders their learning. Some face pressure, such as lack of enough study materials, and are unable to interact with their fellow students when in class. Also, the instructor faces challenges in establishing communication with the children. Some even lack school fees, which makes the children have a hard time in school. Lack of fees can cause a parent to take their children to a school where learning is not quality.

According to (Jensen et al., 2017), poverty as a whole does not have an effect on childhood development; instead, it is the risk factors that are related with poverty. Such risk factors include unstable food supply, psychological stress, and diseases. High-income countries such as the UK and the US face the poverty issue with an estimation of about 20% (Jensen et al., 2017).

Poverty issues such as the income earned by the family and education of the mother can have adverse effects on the child’s development (Sharkins et al., 2017). The child can have issues with language and cognitive skills due to the poverty challenges that the parents face. Also, children who come from poor backgrounds are estimated to start school with fewer social-economic and necessary cognitive skills that are obtained from parents before schooling (Sharkins et al., 2017).

According to (Chaudry & Wimer, 2016), poverty and low income are the causes of developmental issues in children. The problems cause children to be underdeveloped in terms of their cognitive skills and education. Family stress, lack of cognitive input, and lack of resources lead to the challenges children face in their development.

Early childhood development has an impact on how a child will develop into an adult. The way a child grows affects how he or she becomes an adult if they will be healthy and productive (Tran et al., 2017). Parents need to take care of their children and play with them often to add to their cognitive skills and nature their development. In addition to what the educators teach them at school, parents should also provide their children with extra books for learning, which might be a challenge for needy families (Tran et al., 2017).

Poverty and children’s academic performance have been found to have a direct relationship. Children from poor backgrounds have behavioral and academic problems that affect their overall performance and development (Hamilton, 2019). Also, children from poor backgrounds face health issues due to the families’ inability to control the environment that they live in (Jackson, 2017).

Assumptions

Some of the vital needs of a child in the developmental stages are food, shelter, and health monitoring. If a child is subjected to a lack of needs at a young age, it affects their growth. A child needs food to survive and does not know how the parent works hard to obtain the food. Therefore, if the child lacks food at their age of development, they will be affected emotionally, and it will alter their development. For example, if a parent lacks school fees for their child, the child will not go to school. As the child stays at home, they will not develop well because they lack the education that helps them develop into responsible adults (Chaudry & Wimer, 2016). Therefore, the children as they grow, with the challenges they face, will end up becoming criminals in search of basic needs that they can otherwise not obtain the proper way.

Children raised by a low-income family may also have developmental issues. It is because of a lack of basic needs such as food and shelter. If a child does not receive a balanced diet every day, they might develop health issues that may be difficult to treat because the parents lack enough funds to take care of their health. This is another issue that is affecting young children in their developmental stages.

For families in a community living in poverty, teachers cannot be paid enough to teach the children. Early childhood educators also utilize the money they get from their work to raise their families. Therefore, education will not be sustained in such communities. Also, children from poor backgrounds lack enough materials for their studies in schools. The government has tried to establish funds for early childhood education, but the resources cannot be enough. If poverty is not reduced, then the risk of the poverty cycle continuing is more (Tran et al., 2017).

Methodology and Data Collection

Study Group and Sampling Process

The study is for at-risk children who are aged between 3 and 8 years old. A sample of children is taken from those who develop in poor neighborhoods and those that do not live in the conditions. A total of 50 children will be randomly sampled, whereby 25 are the affected, and the other 25 are not. In this case, the 25 poor children are the cases, and the others are controls.

Challenges

1. Some schools and parents may not be willing to participate in the study because of fear of exposure.

2. Some children may not be willing to be analyzed throughout the years.

Data Collection

The study will be conducted in a school setup where both the parents and the school have accepted the study. The faculty members will monitor the selected students in the school for a period of four years. The faculty members that are selected to monitor their progress are not related or attached to the children in any way. By the end of each study year, an assessment will be done to establish the momentum in their development. Tests will be provided for the children after some weeks and an end year exam that will be graded and used in the study. Faculty members that are selected to do the development assessment shall not take part in grading the children in the schools. Also, several psychological tests will be conducted on the children and observations that will be used to analyze their behavior as well as development.

The selection is suitable because the faculty members are the ones who are involved in the school at most times. Given that I will not be available at the school to conduct the assessment each time, the method of collection is the most suitable.

Data Analysis

This is a quantitative study design. The dependent variable of the study is poverty, while the independent variable is early childhood development. A certified behavioral analyst and a school psychologist will analyze the development and behavior of the children within the study period. The tests given after some weeks will display the performance of the students gradually, that is, if they are improving or failing. The end year examination will present their overall performance and how much the children have learned throughout the year.

A t-test score will be used to analyze the longitudinal data. Also, charts and scatter plots will be used to analyze the data to show if, indeed, there is a connection between poverty and the development of young children.

Discussion

The null hypothesis will be rejected if the results obtained show that there is a connection between poverty and development; otherwise, the null hypothesis will not be rejected. If the null hypothesis is not rejected, it will show that there is no link between poverty and development of young children. Therefore, the development of a child can be affected by other factors other than poverty.

Ethical Issues

1. The school must consent to the study conducted in their school environment.

2. Parents whose children have been selected should consent and accept that the study can be conducted with their children.

3. The school board should accept the research proposal before the onset of the research.

Limitations of the Study

1. The sample size might be small compared to the large population of people living in poverty.

2. The sample size used may not be enough to make inferences for the whole population living in poor backgrounds.

Benefits of the Study

The study will help us understand the challenges the poor children face due to poverty, and if at all, it affects their development.

Challenges

1. It is not possible to study all the children living in poor conditions in the world. Therefore, only a small number can be considered.

2. The period of study may not be enough to make conclusions on the children’s development.

Conclusion

Poverty is an issue affecting many people in communities and so as children. When children are denied their basic needs, they may have developmental problems. The study will help enlighten researchers to do more research on the topic to show the relationship that may exist between poverty and early childhood development. In the same way, the government can develop strategies to help poor children have proper access to a good education. Also, the families can find ways to ensure that their children get all the basic needs they need to reduce the stress that may be imposed on them at their young age. If all children develop well, then crimes will reduce in societies, and the economy will benefit.

References

Chaudry, A., & Wimer, C. (2016). Poverty is not just an indicator: The relationship between income, poverty, and child well-being. Academic pediatrics, 16(3), S23-S29.

Hamilton, E. (2019). The Effects of Poverty: Children and Education.

Jackson, M. (2017). Effects of poverty and health on children’s cognitive development. Focus, 1(33), 2.

Jensen, S. K., Berens, A. E., & Nelson 3rd, C. A. (2017). Effects of poverty on interacting biological systems underlying child development. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 1(3), 225-239.

Sharkins, K. A., Leger, S. E., & Ernest, J. M. (2017). Examining effects of poverty, maternal depression, and children’s self-regulation abilities on the development of language and cognition in early childhood: An early head start perspective. Early Childhood Education Journal, 45(4), 493-498.

Tran, T. D., Luchters, S., & Fisher, J. (2017). Early childhood development: impact of national human development, family poverty, parenting practices and access to early childhood education. Child: care, health and development, 43(3), 415-426.