complete 5 quizzes.
1.The two properties about a set of measurements of a dependent variable that we are most interested in describing are:
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a.
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frequency and average.
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b.
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average and correlatio
n.
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c.
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central tendency and dispersion.
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d.
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histograms and polygon
s.
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2. The ________________ is the sum of all the scores divided by the number of scores.
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a.
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median
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b.
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mean
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c.
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mode
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d.
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standard deviation
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3. The generally preferred measure of central tendency is usually the
a.
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range
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b.
mean
c.
standard deviation
d.
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Median
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4. Which of the following is the most useful descriptive statistic for measuring dispersion?
a.
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Range
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b.
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Variance
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c.
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mean deviation
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d.
standard deviation
5. The standard deviation is
a.
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the square of the variance.
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b.
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the square root of the variance.
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c.
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smaller than the mean.
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d.
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the difference between the highest and lowest scores.
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6. If the mean I.Q. is 100 and the standard deviation of I.Q. scores is 15, then an I.Q. of 130 will have a z score (or standard score) of
a.
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1.00
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b.
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0.00
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c.
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2.00
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d.
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-2.00
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7. Inferential statistics allow you to decide whether a difference between the experimental and the control group is due to _______________ or ________________.
a.
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manipulation; chance
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b.
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manipulation; experimental error
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c.
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sampling error; independent variable
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d.
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independent variable; experimental error
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8. The
null hypothesis
suggests that the two
sample
s come from ___________ distribution(s), and the
experimental hypothesis
suggests that the two samples come from _____________ distribution(s).
a.
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different; different
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b.
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different; the same
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c.
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the same; different
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d.
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the same; the same
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9. The power of a statistical test refers to its ability to
a.
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reject false null hypotheses.
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b.
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reject false experimental hypotheses.
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c.
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reject true null hypotheses.
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d.
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reject true experimental hypotheses.
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10. Simple
analysis of variance
is used in designs having
a.
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one independent variable
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b.
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more than one independent variable
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c.
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more than one independent variable (IV) but less than four IVs
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d.
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more than one dependent variable
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11. The number of participants in a study is denoted by
12. A _____________ is a complete set of measurements.
a.
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sample
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b.
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population
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c.
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random sampling
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d.
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parameter
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13. _____________ is one way of ensuring that a sample is representative of the population.
14. If we conduct an experiment on average young, white, college males, inferential statistics allow us to generalize to the population of
a.
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average young, white, college males.
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b.
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college male students.
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c.
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college students.
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d.
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young adults.
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15. If we apply an alpha level of
.05
, and there really is no effect of the experimental manipulation, then one should make a Type I error
a.
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5% of the time.
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b.
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10% of the time.
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c.
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15% of the time.
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d.
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95% of the time.
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16. Which of the following would be considered the most conservative alpha level?
a.
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.01
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b.
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.05
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c.
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.10
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d.
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.15
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17. The prediction that alcohol slows reaction time is
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a.
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non
directional.
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b.
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directional.
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c.
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semidirectional.
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d.
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partially directional.
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18. Two-tailed tests are _______________ conservative and ______________ powerful than one-tailed tests.
a.
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less; less
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b.
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less; more
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c.
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more; less
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d.
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more; more
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19. The _____________ indicates the number of scores that are free to vary.
a.
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U
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b.
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degrees of freedom
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c.
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magnitude of effect
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d.
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point biserial
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20. The ____________ is used to analyze the results when there are more than two groups.
a.
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t-test
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b.
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z-test
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c.
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analysis of variance
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d.
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none of the above
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21. The __________ maintains that two conditions do not differ.
a.
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experimental hypothesis
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b.
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level of confidence
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c.
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law of effect
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d.
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null hypothesis
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22. A conservative statistical test is one that
a.
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minimizes both Type I and Type II errors.
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b.
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minimizes Type I errors, but increases the chance of Type II errors.
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c.
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minimizes Type II errors, but increases the chance of Type I errors.
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d.
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increases the chance of both Type I and II errors.
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23. What are inferential statistics used for?
a.
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summarize the mean and standard deviation of the data
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b.
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estimate if differences between groups are by chance
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c.
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describe the data from 2 unrelated groups
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d.
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describe the relationship within a set of data
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24. Descriptive statistics are used to:
a.
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compare the significance of the difference between 2 data sets
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b.
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test the difference between the means
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c.
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describe the observations
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d.
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describe the type one error in an experiment
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25. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the normal curve:
a.
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bell-shaped
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b.
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represents 100% of the scores under the curve
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c.
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100 is at the center
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d.
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allows us to determine rank
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