Dalia

The

USPTF is an independent panel of experts in primary care and prevention that systematically reviews the 

evidence of effectiveness

 and develops recommendations for clinical preventive services. Its main goal is to improve the health of all individuals in the United States by developing and disseminating evidence-based recommendations about screening tests, counseling services, and preventive medications. A correct understanding and implementation of USPTF recommendations is essential to improving the health and well-being of patients in primary care settings. Undoubtedly, the USPTF’s main audiences are the clinicians in primary care settings. During the past decade, a larger audience has paid attention to USPTF recommendations, including patients, advocacy groups, insurers, researchers, and health policymakers. The results of numerous studies have revealed that it is essential to make recommendations easy to understand for patients in order to improve the quality of preventive care and uptake of preventive services. The task force include a volunteer panel of primary care clinicians (e.g., internal medicine, pediatrics, family medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, nursing, and psychology) with methodology experience including epidemiology, biostatistics, health services research, decision sciences, and health economics, is funded, staffed, and appointed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ 

Agency for Healthcare Research and Qualit

y. The task force assigns the letter grades A, B, C, D, or I to each of its recommendations, and includes “suggestions for practice” for each grade. Grade A: There is high certainty that the net benefit is substantial. Grade B: There is high certainty that the net benefit is moderate or there is moderate certainty that the net benefit is moderate to substantial. Grade C: Clinicians may provide the service to selected patients depending on individual circumstances. However, for most individuals without signs or symptoms there is likely to be only a small benefit. Grade D: The Task Force recommends against this service. There is moderate or high certainty that the service has no net benefit or that the harms outweigh the benefits and Insufficient Evidence: The current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms (Kurth et al., 2018).

2.) Select a disease (e.g., colon cancer) and discuss the screening age recommendations and the screening tools recommended for early prevention?

   Colorectal cancer is a very serious problem in the world, with over 1.3 million new cases and almost 700,000 related deaths reported every year. The incidence of this type of cancer higher in Westernized countries; particularly in the UK and America, it is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer, after lung and prostate cancer in men, and lung and breast cancer in women. Its incidence increases with age, with most cases being diagnosed in people over 60 years. The recent increase in its incidence may be related to increased availability and use of diagnostic tests for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Screening should be conducted at a time when the benefits of detecting cancers or removing pre-malignant polyps outweigh the potential risks from the screening test. Screening can be in the form of direct endoscopic or radiological procedures or indirect measures such as stool testing (e.g., Cologuard, a stool DNA testing). According to current recommendations, if you are age 50 to 75 years old, you should get screened for colorectal cancer. The USPSTF recommends screening beginning at age 50. Some groups recommend starting earlier, at age 45. Millions of people in the United States are not getting screened as recommended; therefore, they are missing the chance to prevent colorectal cancer or find it early, when treatment often leads to a cure. Nevertheless, people should be screened when there is personal or family history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer, when they suffer from

inflammatory bowel disease

conditions such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, or when they have a genetic syndrome or hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome) (Bevan & Rutter, 2018)

Evelyn Dominguez

2/19/21, 8:51 AM 

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Clinical preventive service offers intensity chance to help people live a healthy life and for a longer time. Science has added more benefits to clinical preventive services by helping people save money while providing high-quality care. The clinical services can be provided by the U.S. Preventive Task Force (USPTF) is an independent, volunteer group of national experts in prevention and evidence-based medicine that makes recommendations about clinical preventive services such as screening tests, counseling services, and preventive medications.

Cancer has become a major medical problem today. It has been associated with lifestyle, but its leading cause is inherited genes. Several types of cancer affect different genders and age sets. Leukemia is an example of cancer that affects children and aged people. Leukemia is a blood cancer that affects white blood cells (leukocytes fights disease). In leukemia, the makes more leukocytes that are abnormal (Kobayashi, Akera, Mizutani2012). Just like other cancers, leukemia is dangerous and can cause death.

Early treatment is recommended to help manage the disease. Screening must be done to establish the disorder’s presence—screening helps to recognize a disease that has not shown signs or symptoms. Screening can be done as a preventive measure. Some leukemia is screened at an early age (under two years); a chest X-ray can be used to reveal the presence of swollen lymph nodes or other signs of infections. Cerebrospinal fluid can also be tested for the presence of leukemia genes. Leukemia and other diseases can be easily managed if discovered at an early stage.

References

Home page | United States preventive services Taskforce. (2020). The United States Preventive Services Taskforce.

https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/

Kobayashi, N., Akera, T., & Mizutani, S. (2012). Childhood leukemia: Present problems and prospects: Proceedings of the second international symposium on children’s cancer Tokyo, Japan, December 7–9, 1989. Springer Science & Business Media.

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Ariel Lopez

2/19/21, 8:46 AM 

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S. PreventiveTask Force (USPTF)?

It is not only a unique one, but it is also an independent panel consisting of volunteers. The committee works best to boost the healthy life of the Americans by offering medicine recommendations to any person suffering from a disease (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2020).

A high percentage of people in the U.S. are living with chronic diseases. Recommendation for HBV infection in adolescents and adults by USPTF.Adolescents and adults of 18-79 years are at a high risk of being infected with HBV infection (U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2020). However, screening is also done on pregnant mothers and persons with HIV infections. The screening age of 18-79 is significant because it will prevent the disease from causing severe consequences. As said earlier, HBV signs and symptoms can remain in a victim’s body without awareness; screening helps offer a solution to this problem. Therefore, screening HBV infection may not be spread at a high rate to other persons.

This test was recommended by the U.S. Food and DrugAdministration. If the results of HBsAg show a positive outcome, then the person has the HBV infection. Immediately after the tests are seen positive, should recommend the necessary treatment. Another tool used for screening HBVis the confirmatory test. This test is used for reactive results.

 References

S. Preventive Services Task Force (2020). Screening for Hepatitis B infection in Adolescents and Adults. Retrieved 18 February 2021 from https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Name/home

Hepatitis B Information. Retrieved 18 February 2021 from https://www.hhs.gov/hepatitis/learn-about-viral-hepatitis/hepatitis-b-basics/index.html

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Robert Alonso

2/19/21, 8:40 AM 

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USPTF is an independent panel of health care and prevention professionals who systematically examines proof of effectiveness and produces preventative health services guidelines. The task force is mandated in making sure it improves the health of all American people by ensuring proof-based guidance about preventive health care. Any of the proposals is delegated to the Task Force by letter grades A, B, C, D or I and provides “suggestions for practice” for each grade. The task force also established the net profit rate of certainty. USPTF

Colon cancer is a malignant tumour that comes from the inner colon wall. Polyps produce most colon cancers. Colon polyp removal can assist in colon cancer prevention. According to USPTF, colon cancer screening should occur between the age of 50 and 76 years for early detection and prevention. Recommendations on some groups are that colon cancer screening should start earlier, at the age of forty-five. Though this is against the proposal of USPTF, people who think have a high risk for colon cancer they should check the health history of their families and seek doctors advise if they should be screened earlier before 50. For the adults who behold 76 years but not exceeding 85 years, USPTF recommends that they ask their physician if they should be screened.

There are many tools which are in screening colon cancer. USPTF recommends these tools for screening colon cancer; colonoscopy, stool tests, and CT Colonoscopy, where each has a benefit and drawback. A colon cancer patient should talk to their physician about the test’s pros and cons. The test depends on someone’s preferences, health status, how likely you should get the test, and the available resources for testing.

 References

Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests. (, 2019).

https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/screening/tests.htm

Home page | United States Preventive Services Taskforce. (n.d.). Www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org.
https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/

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