Lab – View the Switch MAC Address Table Topology

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Device

MAC Addresses

Lab – View Network Device MAC Addresses

Topology

Addressing Table

255.255.255.0

Device

Interface

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

S1

VLAN 1

192.168.1.2

255.255.255.0

N/A

PC-A

NIC

192.168.1.3

192.168.1.1

Objectives

Part 1:

Configure Devices and Verify Connectivity

Part 2: Display, Describe, and Analyze Ethernet MAC Addresses

Background / Scenario

Every device on an Ethernet LAN is identified by a Layer 2 MAC address. This address is assigned by the manufacturer and stored in the firmware of the NIC. This lab will explore and analyze the components that make up a MAC address, and how you can find this information on a switch and a PC.

You will cable the equipment as shown in the topology. You will configure the switch and PC to match the addressing table. You will verify your configurations by testing for network connectivity.

After the devices have been configured and network connectivity has been verified, you will use various commands to retrieve information from the devices to answer questions about your network equipment.

Note: The switches used are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other switches and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs.

Note: Make sure that the switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure, ask your instructor.

Required Resources

1 Switch (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)

1 PC (Windows with a terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)

Console cable to configure the Cisco switch via the console ports

Ethernet cables as shown in the topology

Instructions

Configure Devices and Verify Connectivity

In this part, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings, such as the interface IP addresses and device name. For device name and address information, refer to the Topology and Addressing Table.

Cable the network as shown in the topology.

Attach the devices shown in the topology and cable as necessary.

Power on all the devices in the topology.

Configure the IPv4 address for the PC.

Configure the IPv4 address, subnet mask, and default gateway address for PC-A.

From the command prompt on PC-A, ping the switch address.

Open a Windows command prompt

Question:

Were the pings successful?

Explain.

Type your answers here.

Close a Windows command prompt

Configure basic settings for the switch.

In this step, you will configure the device name and the IP address, and disable DNS lookup on the switch.

Console into the switch and enter global configuration mode.

Open a configuration window

.

Switch> enable

Switch# configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Switch(config)#

Assign a hostname to the switch based on the Addressing Table.

Switch(config)# hostname S1

Disable DNS lookup.

S1(config)# no ip domain-lookup

Configure and enable the SVI interface for VLAN 1.

S1(config)# interface vlan 1

S1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0

S1(config-if)# no shutdown

S1(config-if)# end

*Mar 1 00:07:59.048: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Close a configuration window

Verify network connectivity.

Open a Windows command prompt.

Ping the switch from PC-A.

Question:
Were the pings successful?
Type your answers here.

Close a Windows command prompt.Display, Describe, and Analyze Ethernet MAC Addresses

Every device on an Ethernet LAN has a MAC address that is assigned by the manufacturer and stored in the firmware of the NIC. Ethernet MAC addresses are 48-bits long. They are displayed using six sets of hexadecimal digits that are usually separated by dashes, colons, or periods. The following example shows the same MAC address using the three different notation methods:

00-05-9A-3C-78-00 00:05:9A:3C:78:00 0005.9A3C.7800

Note: MAC addresses are also called physical addresses, hardware addresses, or Ethernet hardware addresses.

You will issue commands to display the MAC addresses on a PC and a switch, and analyze the properties of each one.

Analyze the MAC address for the PC-A NIC.

Before you analyze the MAC address on PC-A, look at an example from a different PC NIC. You can issue the ipconfig /all command to view the MAC address of your NIC. An example screen output is shown below. When using the ipconfig /all command, notice that MAC addresses are referred to as physical addresses. Reading the MAC address from left to right, the first six hex digits refer to the vendor (manufacturer) of this device. These first six hex digits (3 bytes) are also known as the organizationally unique identifier (OUI). This 3-byte code is assigned to the vendor by the IEEE organization.

To find the manufacturer, use the keywords
IEEE OUI standards
to find an OUI lookup tool on the internet or navigate to

http://standards-oui.ieee.org/oui.txt

to find the registered OUI vendor codes. The last six digits are the NIC serial number assigned by the manufacturer.

Using the output from the ipconfig /all command, answer the following questions.

C:\> ipconfig /all

Ethernet adapter Ethernet:

Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :

Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Intel(R) 82577LM Gigabit Network Connection

Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 5C-26-0A-24-2A-60

DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes

Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes

Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::b875:731b:3c7b:c0b1%10(Preferred)

IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.147(Preferred)

Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0

Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Friday, September 6, 2019 11:08:36 AM

Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Saturday, September 7, 2019 11:08:36 AM

Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1

Questions:

What is the OUI portion of the MAC address for this device?

Type your answers here.

What is the serial number portion of the MAC address for this device?

Type your answers here.

Using the example above, find the name of the vendor that manufactured this NIC.

Type your answers here.

From the command prompt on PC-A, issue the ipconfig /all command and identify the OUI portion of the MAC address for the NIC of PC-A.

Type your answers here.

Identify the serial number portion of the MAC address for the NIC of PC-A.

Type your answers here.

Identify the name of the vendor that manufactured the NIC of PC-A.

Type your answers here.

Analyze the MAC address for the S1 F0/6 interface.

You can use a variety of commands to display MAC addresses on the switch.

Console into S1 and use the show interfaces vlan 1 command to find the MAC address information. A sample is shown below. Use output generated by your switch to answer the questions.

Open a configuration window

S1# show interfaces vlan 1

Vlan1 is up, line protocol is up

Hardware is EtherSVI, address is 001b.0c6d.8f40 (bia 001b.0c6d.8f40)

Internet address is 192.168.1.2/24

MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1000000 Kbit/sec, DLY 10 usec,

reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

Keepalive not supported

ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00

Last input never, output 00:14:51, output hang never

Last clearing of “show interface” counters never

Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0

Queueing strategy: fifo

Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)

5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

Received 0 broadcasts (0 IP multicasts)

0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored

34 packets output, 11119 bytes, 0 underruns

0 output errors, 2 interface resets

0 unknown protocol drops

0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

Question:

What is the MAC address for VLAN 1 on S1?

Type your answers here.

What is the MAC serial number for VLAN 1?

Type your answers here.
Type your answers here.

What does bia stand for?

Type your answers here.

Why does the output show the same MAC address twice?

Type your answers here.

Another way to display the MAC address on the switch is to use the show arp command. Use the show arp command to display MAC address information. This command maps the Layer 2 address to its corresponding Layer 3 address. A sample is shown below. Use output generated by your switch to answer the questions.

S1# show arp

Protocol Address Age (min) Hardware Addr Type Interface

Internet 192.168.1.2 – 001b.0c6d.8f40 ARPA Vlan1

Internet 192.168.1.3 0 5c26.0a24.2a60 ARPA Vlan1

What Layer 2 addresses are displayed on S1?

Type your answers here.

What Layer 3 addresses are displayed on S1?

Type your answers here.
View the MAC addresses on the switch.

Issue the show mac address-table command on S1. A sample is shown below. Use output generated by your switch to answer the questions.

S1# show mac address-table

Mac Address Table

——————————————-

Vlan Mac Address Type Ports

—- ———– ——– —–

All 0100.0ccc.cccc STATIC CPU

All 0100.0ccc.cccd STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0000 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0001 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0002 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0003 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0004 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0005 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0006 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0007 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0008 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0009 STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.000a STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.000b STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.000c STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.000d STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.000e STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.000f STATIC CPU

All 0180.c200.0010 STATIC CPU

All ffff.ffff.ffff STATIC CPU

1 5c26.0a24.2a60 DYNAMIC Fa0/6

Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 21

Question:

Did the switch display the MAC address of PC-A? If you answered yes, what port was it on?

Type your answers here.
Reflection QuestionsCan you have broadcasts at the Layer 2 level? If so, what would the MAC address be?
Type your answers here.

Why would you need to know the MAC address of a device?

Type your answers here.

End of Document

2013 – 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 8 www.netacad.com

2013 – 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 8 of 8 www.netacad.com

Lab – View the Switch MAC Address Table

Lab – View the Switch MAC Address Table

Topology

Addressing Table

VLAN 1

255.255.255.0

255.255.255.0

NIC

255.255.255.0

Device

Interface

IP Address

Subnet Mask

S1

VLAN 1

192.168.1.1

1

255.255.255.0

S2

192.168.1.12

PC-A

NIC

 192.168.1.1

PC-B

192.168.1.2

Objectives

Part 1:

Build and Configure the Network

Part 2:

Examine the Switch MAC Address Table

Background / Scenario

The purpose of a Layer 2 LAN switch is to deliver Ethernet frames to host devices on the local network. The switch records host MAC addresses that are visible on the network, and maps those MAC addresses to its own Ethernet switch ports. This process is called building the MAC address table. When a switch receives a frame from a PC, it examines the frame’s source and destination MAC addresses. The source MAC address is recorded and mapped to the switch port from which it arrived. Then the destination MAC address is looked up in the MAC address table. If the destination MAC address is a known address, then the frame is forwarded out of the corresponding switch port associated with that MAC address. If the MAC address is unknown, then the frame is broadcasted out of all switch ports, except the one from which it came. It is important to observe and understand the function of a switch and how it delivers data on the network. The way a switch operates has implications for network administrators whose job it is to ensure secure and consistent network communication.

Switches are used to interconnect and deliver information to computers on local area networks. Switches deliver Ethernet frames to host devices identified by network interface card MAC addresses.

In Part 1, you will build a multi-switch topology with a trunk linking the two switches. In Part 2, you will ping various devices and observe how the two switches build their MAC address tables.

Note: The switches used are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other switches and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs.

Note: Make sure that the switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure contact your instructor.

Required Resources

2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)

2 PCs (Windows with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)

Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports

Ethernet cables as shown in the topology

Note: The Fast Ethernet interfaces on Cisco 2960 switches are autosensing and an Ethernet straight-through cable may be used between switches S1 and S2. If using another model Cisco switch, it may be necessary to use an Ethernet crossover cable.

Instructions

Build and Configure the Network

Cable the network according to the topology.

Configure PC hosts.

Initialize and reload switches as necessary.

Configure basic settings for each switch.

Open configuration window

Configure device name as shown in the topology.

Configure IP address as listed in Addressing Table.

Assign cisco as the console and vty passwords.

Assign class as the privileged EXEC password.

Close configuration window

Examine the Switch MAC Address Table

A switch learns MAC addresses and builds the MAC address table, as network devices initiate communication on the network.

Record network device MAC addresses.

Open a command prompt

on PC-A and PC-B and type ipconfig /all.

Open Windows command prompt

Question:

What are the Ethernet adapter physical addresses?

PC-A MAC Address:

Type your answers here.

PC-B MAC Address:

Type your answers here.

Close Windows command prompt

Console into switch S1 and S2 and type the show interface F0/1 command on each switch.

Open a configuration window

Questions:

On the second line of command output, what is the hardware addresses (or burned-in address [bia])?

S1 Fast Ethernet 0/1 MAC Address:

Type your answers here.

S2 Fast Ethernet 0/1 MAC Address:

Type your answers here.

Close a configuration window

Display the switch MAC address table.

Console into switch S2 and view the MAC address table, both before and after running network communication tests with ping.

Establish a console connection to S2 and enter privileged EXEC mode.

Open a configuration window

In privileged EXEC mode, type the show mac address-table command and press Enter.

S2# show mac address-table

Even though there has been no network communication initiated across the network (i.e., no use of ping), it is possible that the switch has learned MAC addresses from its connection to the PC and the other switch.

Questions:

Are there any MAC addresses recorded in the MAC address table?

Type your answers here.

What MAC addresses are recorded in the table? To which switch ports are they mapped and to which devices do they belong? Ignore MAC addresses that are mapped to the CPU.

Type your answers here.

If you had not previously recorded MAC addresses of network devices in Step 1, how could you tell which devices the MAC addresses belong to, using only the output from the show mac address-table command? Does it work in all scenarios?

Type your answers here.

Clear the S2 MAC address table and display the MAC address table again.

In privileged EXEC mode, type the clear mac address-table dynamic command and press Enter.

S2# clear mac address-table dynamic

Quickly type the show mac address-table command again.

Questions:

Does the MAC address table have any addresses in it for VLAN 1? Are there other MAC addresses listed?

Type your answers here.

Wait 10 seconds, type the show mac address-table command, and press Enter. Are there new addresses in the MAC address table?

Type your answers here.

Close a configuration window

From PC-B, ping the devices on the network and observe the switch MAC address table.

From PC-B, open a command prompt and type arp -a.

Open a command prompt
Question:

Not including multicast or broadcast addresses, how many device IP-to-MAC address pairs have been learned by ARP?

Type your answers here.

From the PC-B command prompt, ping PC-A, S1, and S2.

Question:

Did all devices have successful replies? If not, check your cabling and IP configurations.

Type your answers here.

Close a command prompt

From a console connection to S2, enter the show mac address-table command.

Open a configuration window
Question:

Has the switch added additional MAC addresses to the MAC address table? If so, which addresses and devices?

Type your answers here.
Close a configuration window

Open a command prompt

From PC-B, open a command prompt and retype arp -a.

Question:

Does the PC-B ARP cache have additional entries for all network devices that were sent pings?

Type your answers here.
Close a command prompt
Reflection Question

On Ethernet networks, data is delivered to devices by their MAC addresses. For this to happen, switches and PCs dynamically build ARP caches and MAC address tables. With only a few computers on the network this process seems fairly easy. What might be some of the challenges on larger networks?

Type your answers here.

End of Document

2013 – 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 1 of 11 www.netacad.com

2013 – 2019 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page 11 of 11 www.netacad.com

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