1.1 Choose any four of the following and briefly analyse what effect each one would have on the hauora of a Māori client)
Shame: Sometimes Māori clients feel shame to explain personal problems and personal diseases with other person. They feel unsafe or shame to expose their body parts in the front of other person.They feel shy to discuss their problem with female doctor or health worker.The outcome of this problem is that if one doctor or nurse take care to the Māori client by this client trust on him or her and they discuss their problem openly.

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Self doubt: Some clinet have self doubt about somethings so they took wrong way.When the client have self doubt about somethings they dropped their confidence level and it put bad effect on client,s health because they do not explain their problem properly so that’s why doctor or nurse cannot treat the client properly .The outcome of this is that if the doctor or nurse treat,communicate and take care in good way by this client put trust on them.
Feeling inferior: Some client feel inferior to discuss our problems with others and they feel agitate while exposed their body parts in the front of doctor and health worker and they feel uncomfortable when they explain their problem with doctor and health worker.If doctor,health worker and client have a good understanding between them client cannot feel inferior.
Feeling misunderstood: Some Māori client feeling misunderstood regarding culture when their body. Sometime health worker change the client,s pad but not ask him in that situation client feel misunderstood so if health worker communicate with the client before doing their work it is beneficial for client.
1.2 Select any 4 and analyse the impact of each one within a hauora context.
One to one consultation with a health worker: If client discuss their sexualy problem with same gender they not feel shy this is very benefical for him because they like privesy and they explain their problem openly. Docter and health worker treat him with right way so it helpful for him.
One to one consultation with a health worker of a different gender: Client feel hesitate when he discuss their problem with different gender .They cannot explain their problem properly and caregiver also cannot explain their problem to the male doctor .So doctor cannot give the treatment to the client properly and it is not good for client,s health.
Consumer survey: It is not a affective way because Māori client do not response to survey.Doctor cannot give treatment to the client in proper way by this problem cannot be solve and it is not good for client health.So face to face approach is more beneficial
Group consultation with a health worker of a different gender: It may be inappropriate and it is very hard for client because they feel uncomfortable to discuss their problem in the front of other so it put negative empact on client.
1.3 Identify and analyse 2 adverse socio cultural and 2 socio economic factors which could cause whakama and affect hauora outcomes for Māori
Adverse socio cultural factor one
Lack of identity: Māori are affected by lack of identity becauce of cultural and economic factors. Lack of connection, generational impact. These issues put big impacts on Māori health. So if care giver have a knowlage about culture,language by this way they can easly understand the client
Poor education achievement: if care giver have a knowledge about language and cultura by this they can understand the problem of client because if they have no knowledge they can not understand client problem.
Adverse socio economic factor
Education: The Māori people economic factor is not good. Mosty Māori peoples have not peoperly skilled and they do not paid.More Māori are not doing work government take them all the skilles .They are very important part of newzealand economy because this is a land of Māori.
Employment: Mostly Māori people not doing work and they face many difficulties due to lack of education.They face health and income problem.
2.1(a) Negative impacts of whakama on hauora
Isolation and feeling unsafe while in hospital setting: Sometime Māori client feel shy and uncomfortable with other.They cannot discuss their problem confidently because they feel shame by this problem doctor cannot take him proper treatment and it puts bad effect on his health.
Feelings of whakama if using rongoa: some Māori clients feel inferior to discuss our problem with others.They feel agitate in the front of doctor and health worker when exposed their body parts and they feel inferior when explain their peoblem in front of doctor.
Literacy: It can also put effect on Māori client. If Māori client can less literate that can be put effect on their health and our income.
2.1(b) Positive impacts of whakama on hauora
Tikanga best practice guidelines: If care giver give respect to the client and sharing all resources by this client share all the problem with care giver .Good repport is
Literacy: Literacy is also the effect on hauora.Do good arrangement of education for Māori client because education improve the literacy and economic condition.By education Māori safe their culture.
Code of rights: Treat the client with respect,treat with care and receive the right servicesand explain all the condition to the client and listened the client carefully in this way client put trust on the care giver and share all the problem openly this is very good for his health.
1.1(b)

Relationship grouping

Interconnections

First principles

Key concepts

Kohungahunga- Maatua
Matua
Tamariki

Matua: -parent
Kohungahunga: -children

They take care of them ,educate them and help them
They fulfill the all that basic needs of them.
They guide him in all the important decision making in life.

Whanua-relationship between parent and child

Whanau- Its main responsibility of the maatua to take care of kohungahunga and provide him a safe and caring environment
Whenua- Maatua ensures that child is getting safe land to grow up.
Tinana- matua always remember to take care of child’s body movement caring his body.
Hinengaro – all the feelings and the thoughts of the child is highly appreciated by maatua

Whakapapa-matua and kohungahunga has a strong relationship and he is deeply attached with the matua.
Whanaungatanga-matua provide him all that things needed to be survive.
Kaitiakitanga – they all make him feel his is in safe hands and they will always take care of them.

Rangatahi
Pakeke
Kaumatua

Rangatahi: -youth
Pakeke: -adult
Kaumatua: -elder,

These relations are generational
They provide guidance
They give knowledge about their culture and religious beliefs

Wairau
They build relationships
Teach Māori language.
Hinengaro
They provider leadership they become role models, provide guidance.

Whakapapa
The traditional knowledge is nurtured and is not lost
Whanauntanga
Strengthens the relationship, language cultural belongings and mentor.

Pakeke
Kaumatua

Pakeke: -adult
Kaumatua: -elder

They are intergeneratio-nal
The kaumatua are the role models

They pass down about the marae,iwi and hapu by oral history story or by singing wayata

Wairua–
They build relationships
Teach Māori language.
Hinengaro–
They provide leadership they become role models, provide guidance.

Kaitiakitanga–
Exercise mana of hapu and iwi through kawanatanga

Tuakana
Teina

Tuakana: -Elder siblings
Teina- Younger siblings

They are in the same family and they respect each other.
They may be the role models for others.
Includingly they also provide knowledge and guidance

Hinengaro
Looks at the role of older and younger. The siblings.

Whanauntanga–
They guide each other.

Tane
Wahine

Tane: -man
Wahine: -woman

The men have leadership quality in them and they command the family
The women has the role of kahikaronga
They both look after each other

Whenua–
They teach to respect the culture.
Wairau
They meet at marae build relationships and both are role models.

Whanaungatanga Relationship with Marae they play their roles and responsibility.
Tikanga–
Follow the protocols

Hapu
Iwi

Hapu: -sub-tribes
Iwi: -tribes

They are intergenerational.
Mana they share cultures, teach from elders to the youngest
Tane is the leader

Whanua–
They support the families. They have nuclear and extended families,
Whenua–
They provide knowledge on how to look after the land and how to protect it.

Whakapapa

Pass on cultural identity

Whanaungatanga
Strengths the relationship
Whakapapa extends the whanua members.

Kohungahunga
Wahine
Matua

Kohungahunga: -infant,
Wahine: -mother
Matua: -parent

There is very close relation between the mother and the infant, mother feeds the baby through umbilical cord, looks after the baby, nurtures the needs and wants.
Fulfill all the neccesities
Protect the baby from any kind of danger.

Whanua–
The relations between mother and father before pregnancy and after.
Tinana–
Mother looks for the basic necessity of infant.

Whanaugatanga–
Extends the whanau.

Strengthens the relationships substances like feeding teaching, language and customs.

Kaitiakitanga–
They provide guardianships
Looks after the child and teach them knowledge.

1.2

First principles

Key concepts

Development

Maintenance

Continuity

Whenua–
They teach to respect the culture.
Wairua–
They meet at marae build relatioships and both being role models.

Whanaungatanga-Relationship with marae they play their roles and responsibility.
Kaitiakitanga
follow the protocols

Teaching on how to protect the land
The knowledge the gain about the culture

identity

know how to look after the land
making your self confidence in learning about the culture

maintaining the identity

Through building relationsh-ips

learning more about Māori language

Wairua–
They build relationships
Teach Māori language.
Hinengaro
They provider leadership they become role models, provide guidance.

Kaitiakitanga
Excise mana of hapu and iwi through kawanatanga
Provide guardianship

Introducing cultural identity from the very basic spiritual down into the deeper information
Being role models.

Hui-gathering for funerals
Learning karakia and its importance(prayers)

Setting examples to the youths

By learning and practicing mihi-mihi.
Whakataki

Continuing good examples and aspects for others to lean about.

Whauna
The relations between mother and father before pregnancy and after.
Tinana
Mother looks for the basic necessity

Whanaugatanga-extends the whanau.

Strengthens the relationships substances like feeding teaching, language and customs

.
Kaitiakitanga
They provide guardianships
Looks after the child and teach them knowledge

Whanaugatnaga linked through relationships.

Procreation
Proper diet of the child

Exercise

Participating in the stuff the child will learn.
Maintaining personal hygiene for the child.

The growth and support to the child given by the parents

Keeping the child away from harmful substance.

Whanua–
Teach about the marae/hapu/iwi
Provide security
Support them in times of need.

Whakapapa–
The traditional knowledge is nurtured and is not lost
Whanauntanga-strengthens the relationship, language cultural belongings and mentor.

Learning the traditional knowledge.

Strengthening the relationship

Making them do things that they can learn about

Usual gathering with families and friends.
Supporting them

Hinengaro–
Looks at the role of the older and younger siblings.

Whanauntanga–
They guide each other.

Provide leadership
Providing guidance

Leading the friendship or family, being a role model for them
Showing them the correct path

Living accordance to moral and value.
Continued to educate others

Maintaining positive attitude