CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

 Global warming (climate change) is a worldwide issue currently happening that affects everything living on the Earth. The main eight geographic regions of the World are Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Central America, Europe, North America, Oceania, and South America. In these regions, major biomes include the aquatic biome, the forest biome, the desert biome, the tundra biome, and the grassland biome. One of the continents that will be affected the most by global warming in the future is Africa. Africa has a population of about 1.2 billion people, accounting for almost 16% of the world’s total population. Africa has a continent-wide confederation consisting of 55 countries in Africa, called the African Union(AU). The AU has a parliamentary form of government. It has legislative, judicial, and an executive branch. In Africa the culture is extremely vast, there are multiple religions, languages, and ways to live across the continent. The four main languages spoken in Africa are Afro Asiatic languages, the Nilo-Saharan languages, the Niger-Congo languages, and the Khoisan languages. Islam is currently the largest religion in Africa, followed by Christianity, and then traditional religions. Africa is a spacious land mass. The Mediterranean Sea bordering Africa to the North, to the West is the Atlantic Ocean. To the east of Africa is the Indian Ocean. The three biomes that are in Africa currently are the grassland biome, the desert biome, and the forest biome. Each biome is being affected differently by climate change.

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Global warming is a gradual increase of the Earth’s temperature. Africa is one of the most vulnerable regions that could be affected by climate change. “Ibrahim Thiaw, special adviser of the UN Secretary-General for the Sahel, says the Sahel region is particularly vulnerable to climate change, with 300 million people affected” (Department of Global Communications). Africa has issues with droughts that cause crops to die and existing water supplies to dry up. These effects cause an inadequate water supply and malnutrition to people living in poverty filled regions. When you factor in climate control to these bad problems that already exist, the issues will worsen and affect a larger amount of people. As more crops die more people lose their jobs as farmers, this leads to distress in the economy. Terrorist groups are able to lure in these jobless farmers to work for them. This may be the only way that the farmers could gain any source of income in the destroyed economy. As more people join these terrorist groups, the governments in Africa get more corrupt and the country falls into bigger problems. Climate change is a worldwide problem that affects some places in ways you wouldn’t imagine when first looking at it. You may be asking; Why should we worry about global warming? Us, humans, are the main reason for global warming occuring. The main cause of global warming on Earth is an increase of carbon dioxide emissions from humans burning fossil fuels for energy. Carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere cause a greenhouse effect in out Earth’s atmosphere. Sunlight radiates into the Earth and is trapped inside, therefore warming the Earth and creating global warming. “The planet’s average surface temperature has risen about 1.62 degrees Fahrenheit (0.9 degrees Celsius) since the late 19th century, a change driven largely by increased carbon dioxide and other human-made emissions into the atmosphere” (California Institute of Technology). Another reason we should look at global warming and climate change is that it influences the weather system and can cause storms to be more severe and potentially destroy infrastructures and homes. Global warming also has negative consequences for numerous animals. Forests are falling, glaciers are melting, and coral reefs are dying due to a warmer temperature. These events occurring result in a variety of things, spanning from clownfish dying to polar bears migrating into colder areas.

Global warming impacts almost all of the World’s population. Many studies say that we do not have enough time to save our planet from global warming. “The world’s leading climate scientists have warned there is only a dozen years for global warming to be kept to a maximum of 1.5C, beyond which even half a degree will significantly worsen the risks of drought, floods, extreme heat and poverty for hundreds of millions of people” (Guardian). Some scientists are guessing that we only have twelve years until there is mass chaos caused by global warming. Many of the outcomes of this issue are severely devastating to people on Earth. Climate change is continuously melting many large glaciers throughout the world. These glaciers melting leads to many things, including water levels rising and animals having to migrate to find environments with climates that will sustain them. This rising sea level can greatly affect small islands and many coastal cities and may completely engulf some of the smaller islands. Many people in poorly developed countries, like Africa, are even more severely affected by climate change than others. The more extreme weather cycles can cause heat waves that will wipe out a large amount of the poorer people in the Continent.

Global warming has affected the United States in a variety of different ways. One example of global warming affecting the United States in a harmful way is from the National Geographic website. This source mentions how there can be many risk factors involved in global warming throughout the United States of America. These risk factors include drastic climate changes, wildfires, and droughts caused by the arid land. “…from intensified risk of wildfires in California, to droughts slowing agricultural production in Iowa and much more” (National Geographic Newsletters). This quote demonstrates how many of nature’s different environments and agriculture can be annihilated. Increasing temperature of earth’s surface, and dry terrain leads us to these risk factors. Climate change has little to no benefits to humans because it is such a major global issue.

In order to prevent long-term effects of climate change, the United States of America must act quickly to prevent the rapidly increasing surface temperature of the earth caused by global warming. One solution to this ongoing problem is renewable energy, such as solar panels and wind turbines. 77 percent of all United States energy production consists of fossil fuels, which emit a hefty amount of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. While only 13 percent of the United States energy production is renewable energy. If the United States government were to increase the budget of the department of energy, they would be able to widespread wind turbine throughout the nation. Another solution to this dramatic problem is restricting energy factories to only being able to burn a controlled amount of fossil fuels. This would greatly reduce the emission of gases into the atmosphere. Both of these effective ways would regulate the buildup of greenhouse gases. Therefore, slowing down the everlasting threat of global warming, these two ideas are only a fraction of what is needed to eventually stop global warming from continuing. If not acted upon quickly, global warming could and will change the course of humanity.

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