Research Paper: REWRITE Submission Date March 20th

Comments were: much of your paper and how it is organized does not seem to make sense or flow well. Several of your paragraphs at the end of the paper really should have been moved to the beginning. Additionally, there did not seem to be any focus on how a DMTC has effected an organization or industry; and, then, there does not appear to be any strategic thinking/planning. Lastly, there is no mock up of a landing page website that people could go to.

In this Research Paper, you have the opportunity to expand the scale of your research using a specific DMTC of your choice along with its historical antecedents, the unique conditions by which a mediated technology/idea achieves validity, the dynamics of change, and the means by which a given organization can strategically harness the phenomenon into a successful web strategy for growth.

Your paper must consist of the following:

· A detailed description of the chosen disruptive media technology and/or trending cultural idea, and its’ primary elements. Is this a regional, national, or global DMTC?

· Historical antecedents of similar DMTC phenomena; why a given technology or idea gave birth to a movement, whether organizations dismissed or embraced this force, and the natural outcomes of that decision.

· Conditions (societal, business, and cultural) that allow this DMTC phenomenon to gain “legs,” that is to say, the kind of compelling force that must be addressed. If the DMTC is of regional or national status, what would it take for this DMTC to reach global status?

· A description of your chosen organization in terms of establishment, purpose, and in your opinion, potential opportunities and challenges.

· Your strategic plan to effectively embrace selected components which will successfully transform your organization. Include a visual “landing page” website mockup that demonstrates your organization’s commitment to change. As this DMTC continues to morph, how will your organization recognize and meet whatever challenges and/or opportunities emerge?

Your Research Paper must be at least 10 written pages and include at least 10 net references with full URLs and at least three scriptural references in current APA format. Evaluation will center on the degree to which the research/application demonstrates a full understanding of the topic, an effectual Christian worldview, and a plan for successful application within the selected organization.

Research Paper: Topic Submission (That was submitted

Proposed Topic:

I intend to research on the impact of globalization on organizational communication with a particular focus on FedEx, which is an American delivery organization.

Proposed Thesis Statement:

Previous studies have ascertained that effective communication results in improved organizational performance. However, in the recent wake of globalization, this has not been easy owing to the diverse languages and cultures. A global environment poses the challenge of effective communication. Even in instances where both parties speak the same language, misunderstandings can still arise as a result of underlying cultural and ethnic differences. The last decade has seen more organizations embracing globalization to extend the reach of their business operations (Matthews& Thakkar, 2012). Also, there have been immense examples of how ineffective communication results in poor organizational performance, especially in the wake of globalization. Hence, organizations must understand the impact of globalization on cross-cultural communication to navigate such dynamics better. Also, understanding how globalization impacts organizational communication is significant for organizations seeking to have a better competitive edge in the global market. Recent economic challenges further encourage organizations to put in place adequate internal communication strategies to effectively control external threats. As the world becomes more diverse, and operations are now more global, the ability to communicate across cultural boundaries is gaining more prominence (Matthews& Thakkar, 2012).In this wake, global organizations must understand how to communicate with workers from different cultures to meet the organization’s mission and create value for their stakeholders. The rise of modern technology has especially had a profound effect on how organizations communicate globally as well as other interactions in the workplace. Nonetheless, with the new technological advents, organizations must still understand the obstacles of modern technology to navigate them best to increase their profits and market share while also optimizing organizational performance.

Running head: FedEx USE of ROBOT (ROXO) as DTMTC 1

FedEx USE of ROBOT (ROXO) AS DTMTC 11

FEDEX (Roxo)

DMTC Description

The Roxo or SameDay Bot remains a novelty intended to alter the face of local deliveries and assist retailers competently to tackle consumers’ increasing anticipations. This bot embodies a milestone in FedEx’s continuing mission to address the intricacies as well as the expense of same-day, last-mile deliveries for expanding the electronic-commerce market in a way that remains safe as well as friendlier to the environment.

The chosen DMTC relevant to FedEx is the robot called FedEx (Roxo). FedEx is amongst the frontrunners to employ the use of robots for delivering packages to the end consumers. FedEx Robot (Roxo) is the chosen DMTC which is relevant to the organization. This DMTC (Roxo) is engineered to operate automatically. Roxo also is known as the “the FedEx SameDay bot blends the unique expertise of FedEx with that of DEKA, an R&D firm hence integrating the technology into their customer service experience. The State-of-the-art onboard processors remain purpose-built for self-driving devices, thus giving Roxo the ever-improving AI to comprehend its surroundings and location via its sensors, and choosing the safest course or path of action. Following the map of the best means of making a delivery, the Roxo is using sensors and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to navigate along the route. Keeping the security as the preference, Roxo is designed to react to unanticipated barriers and further halt at red lights. The primary elements of Roxo are that it uses sensors, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and stair-climbing wheels to deliver cargo autonomously. It weighs nearly 200lbs and able to carry up to 100lbs, and the remote operator is always monitoring it. Moreover, Roxo features pedestrian-safe technologies from Roxo alongside advanced technologies like LiDAR besides manifold cameras hence permitting the zero-emission battery-powered bot to become conscious of its environs.

Roxo has various capabilities. The first one is that it is built to go the distance by having an intelligent wheel-system which is designed to set Roxo apart for traversing a range of kinds of terrain. In terms of intelligence, Roxo is designed to navigating the neighborhood by incorporating AI and a range of sensors that enable safe navigating to delivery destinations. It is also convenient since it makes the organization to be able to deliver the cargos to the door of the customer. Roxo’s innovative compartment remains designed to carry every kind of cargo, even cold or hot items, to make deliveries convenient and flexible.

Historical Antecedents

The decision by FedEx to come up with this DMTC is the existence of machine learning (ML), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and robot ideas and technologies. This is because FedEx so benefits in having this DMTC implemented and did not dismiss instead embracing this force leading to positive natural outcomes. The SameDay Bot or Roxo uses the AI, sensors as well as stair-climbing wheels hence autonomously delivering cargo. In terms of machine learning, for Roxo to make any delivery, it first utilizes machine learning algorithms for mapping its route. It subsequently uses AI, motion sensors as well as stair-climbing wheels to travel along sidewalks as well as to evade barriers. This makes it capable of driving through every type of terrain, which includes sand, sidewalks alongside puddles. Steep slopes alongside steps offer no challenge to Roxo as the delivery robot will always bring items right to the front door of the recipient.

The service robot market is increasingly mounting speedily, and this accounts for the reason FedEx has come up with Roxo. The emergence of a professional service robot that is well-defined as a fully/semi-autonomous robot for commercial tasks’ computerization, exclusive of operations relating manufacturing, has given rise to the Roxo as the underlying DMTC being discussed in this paper. Service robots for utilization professionally are undergoing a technological revolution, and hence giving birth to various DMTCs (Hoffmann &Prause, 2018). A fast spread in robot capabilities-propelled by novelties in artificial intelligence, ML, vision systems alongside adaptive computing-is triggering market to almost tripartite in value. The merged market-value for the year 2019 via 2021 for the professional robots is approximated to be valued at 35B dollars in accordance with the report by the International Federation of Robotics World Robotics 2018 Service Robots.

A foremost variable in the stronger forthcoming of service robots for professional utilization like Roxo remains the launch of the Robots-as-a-Service (RaaS) model of the possession. Via renting either the robot itself or capabilities of cloud computing, capital obstacles towards adoption remain minimized. With surges in investment alongside technological advancement, plentiful opportunities await such people with interests in attaining success in such a self-motivated, emergent industry. RIA remains the principal global resource for info and opportunity regarding robots, and this has supported the movement by availing the info alongside resources required by FedEx to plan as well as prepare to grow its robot business in the service robot sector.

Conditions (societal, business, and cultural)

Business: As a worldwide frontrunner in the technology alongside transportation businesses, FedEx acknowledges the irrefutable efficiency as well as safety gains of the subsequent generation novelty for its team members as well as operation. Thus, FedEx backs the attempts of the modernization of federal laws as well as regulations that hearten efficiency besides safety in the transportation industry. Therefore, FedEx believes that continuous innovation fuels its success and hence the need to have this DMTC. This is because innovation remains the holy grail of both consumers and businesses globally (Chung &Cakmak, 2018). Thus, at FedEx, innovation is known as one of the keys to its continued success as the business. FedEx had to address the gap in the delivery system since it saw the opportunity to have Roxo to allow more retailers to complete same-day more efficiently and last-mile delivery to clienteles. FedEx thus introduced Roxo to address the novel markets as well as better support the customers in terms of its role in local, same-day deliveries.

Cultural conditions: FedEx acknowledges its people as the foundation of its success and central to its future. Its teammates have the “can-do” spirit, which has made the Company one of the top admirable and reputable firms in the globe. Its shared culture is what makes it unique. It always empowers teammates to generate inventive solutions dependent upon by its customers, support the societies where it operates, and assist FedEx to work shrewder as well as more sustainable. The organization’s 1st preference remains a safe, all-encompassing, and recompensing worker surroundings across its global operations. It provides an environment where its people have the desired opportunities for growth and success and which places its teammates initially and toughens its vow to content possibilities alongside people globally.

Societal: FedEx intended to utilize these Roxo delivery robots for its SameDay delivery service. FedEx has to use Roxo to efficiently offer SameDay delivery solutions for its customers who are ordering from popular retail stores, including Walgreens, Target, as well as Walmart. The firm believes that these delivery robots will significantly assist in supplementing their operational alongside service efficiency for both customers as well as team members. FedEx further anticipates that Roxo shall assist in creating novel job opportunities. The FedEx announced on Feb 27, 2019, the development in cutting-edge delivery solutions that the society had demanded in order to meet the societal rapidly altering consumer needs-the FedEx SameDay Bot. The society or the retailers had had problems with the delivery because they were unable to do so in a single day. Therefore, Roxo was developed as a self-governing delivery method intended to assist the retailers in making single-day as well as last-mile deliveries to their respective clientele. With this bot, venders shall be capable of accepting orders from neighboring clienteles and subsequently delivering them via bot straight to consumers’ businesses and even homes within a single day.

DMTC remains Regional: Presently, this DMTC (SameDay bot or Roxo) is still regional. This is because by November 2019, the first FedEx delivery robot made its maiden appearance in NYC, and it was never alone. The various delivery robot which was named Roxo by FedEx remained part of the promotion whereby the robots propelled themselves around the lower Manhattan. Therefore, for these delivery robots to be made global, FedEx must continue with thorough tests. Just as has been observed in November 2019, Roxo stood solely temporarily visiting NYC for promotion since the delivery robots had to undergo testing in other markets. This means that these tests must be complete, and the information from the test results in other markets before incorporated into the design to ensure that the delivery robots go global while ensuring safety as a first preference. FedEx must ensure that Roxo can deliver each kind of cargo, but with the highest level of safety. FedEx must first configure these robots for single deliveries. They must also ensure that solely a package’s recipient can gain access to the delivery robot’s cargo area to promote security and safety. This is because it will ensure that nobody can tamper with deliveries. Another step that must be taken to make this DMTC a global one is that FedEx must continue working closely with the lawmakers to ensure that their delivery robot meets every regulatory requirement in every city with tight traffic areas (Gursoy, Chi, Lu &Nunkoo, 2019).

Organization Description

Federal Express or FedEx or Federal Corporation remains an American MNC delivery services organization which remains headquartered in Memphis. Its name, FedEx, stays a syllabic ellipsis of the name firm’s first air division called Federal Express, currently FedEx Express that stood utilized between 1973 and 2000. The firm is renowned for its prompt shipping services alongside ground-breaking a system which might effectively track packages as well as offer real-time updates on packages site, an attribute which has been effectively implemented by utmost similar hauler services. FedEx is further one of the leading contractors of the United States government. FedEx Corporation remains an export/import firm that got incorporation in Delaware on Oct 2nd, 1997. The Corporation was established in January 1998 with Caliber System Inc. acquisition by the Federal Express. With this acquisition, FedEx began providing additional services alongside express shipping. Subsidiaries of Caliber, including RPS, which was a small-package ground service, Roberts Express, which was an advanced provider for shipping, amongst others.

FedEx is a courier delivery services organization that is bringing robots out of the warehouse and storage facilities onto the roads. The purpose of FedEx Corp shall yield loftier financial returns for stockholders via the provision of extraordinary value-added transportation, logistics, and associated services via dedicated operational firms.

Because of this, there are various opportunities and challenges. The significant contemporary challenges of FedEx are the need to keep on seeking new innovative means of delivering goods ordered online with similar reliability, which is synonymous with FedEx. The last mile delivery remains one of the priciest and sophisticated parts of the delivery process. A fundamental goalmouth of this technology is designing it in such a manner to lower these costs. Thus, FedEx has been working on a robot known as the Roxo that is being tested in the United States. Roxo is being designed to deliver small orders on a single day. With the launch of such an autonomous robot, retailers shall be capable of accepting orders from customers (within particular destinations). One order acceptance, FedEx’s “SameDay bot,” shall be deployed to deliver the ordered items. This will ensure that the delivery is made on the same day the order is placed (Bughin, 2017). It is also advantageous because it can be utilized for every kind of cargo, even cold or hot items, hence making deliveries convenient and flexible.

Strategic plan

The FedEx Roxo has to be established in conjunction with DEKA R&D Corp alongside its originatorKamen Dean, discoverer of several life-altering technologies, which includeiBotTMPersonal Mobility Device and the Segway. This Roxo must have unique capabilities that make it unlike the rest of the autonomous vehicles. This because upon the iBot power base, FedEx builds a forward-thinking, FDA-certified mobility maneuver for people living with disabilities with over 10M hours of dependable, real-world operation. Via the leverage of its base in a new app, FedEx hopes that Roxo shall even get increasingly reachable to people who need it for their mobility (Chi, Denton &Gursoy, 2020).

The Roxo must be designed to travel on sidewalks as well as alongside waysides, securely delivering slighter shipments to the households besides businesses of customers. The intended features to be included are pedestrian-safe technologies from iBot, and progressive technologies like LiDAR alongside numerous cameras, permitting the no-emission, battery-powered bot to remain mindful of the environments. Such attributes will be joined with ML algorithms for detecting and avoiding obstacles, plotting a harmless pathway, and allowing the Roxo to follow the road as well as safety rules. Branded technologies will make Roxo extremely capable, enabling it to circumnavigate unpaved curbs, surfaces, alongside for an astonishing door-door deliveries experience.

As the DMTC continues, FedEx remains prepared to continue with its innovative culture to keep pace and integrate any new elements that will ensure that the best of the device is always guaranteed. In efforts to spread it is brand with Roxo, FedEx has partnered with companies like Walmart and Pizza Hut to test last-mile delivery robots. The shipping company is teaming up with DEKA Development & Research for its project. The battery-powered robots look like coolers on wheels and travel at a top speed of 10 miles per hour (CNBC, 2019). This will include integrating it with other emerging DMTCs, which ensure that there is a favorable and smooth transition from one innovation to another. FedEx will continue seeking to comprehend its consumers’ emotions to better the potential of Roxo. This will be done by continually measuring the consumer emotions in a way to track the most significant pain points in the customer journey (Bogue, 2019). The Company will ensure that Roxo, which is an AI-powered delivery robot, is tested in various markets beyond Memphis, Dubai, and New York (Logistics, 2019).

In conclusion, concerning the Biblical worldview, the Roxo robot by FedEx was once the dream and vision that someone had. The bible states in Proverbs 29:18, When there is no vision, the people get out of control, but whoever obeys instruction is happy (Common English Bible). The organization of FedEx has held on to the vision, and it has come to the past. This is a unique perspective from a biblical worldview. Over a century and several decades ago, robots have been captivating and sending rays of the possibilities of and the what if’s in our imaginations from futuristic movies of outer space to the real space robots utilized on the moon from NASA. Robots are here today and no longer an idea or dream. Luke 12:22-26 says, “Do not worry about your life, what you will eat; or about your body, what you will wear. Life is more than food, and the body more than clothes. Consider the ravens: They do not sow or reap, they have no storeroom or barn; yet God feeds them. And how much more valuable you are than birds! Who of you by worrying can add a single hour to his life? Since you cannot do this very little thing, why do you worry about the rest?’ God will continue to take care and provide for his children and bring into full fruition the dreams and desires that are inside of us.

References

Bogue, R. (2019). Strong prospects for robots in retail. Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application.

Bughin, J. (2017). The best response to digital disruption. MIT Sloan Management Review, 58(4).

Chi, O. H., Denton, G., &Gursoy, D. (2020). Artificially intelligent device use in service delivery: a systematic review, synthesis, and research agenda. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 1-30.

Chung, M. J. Y., &Cakmak, M. (2018, August). “How was your stay?”: Exploring the Use of Robots for Gathering Customer Feedback in the Hospitality Industry. In 2018 27th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN) (pp. 947-954). IEEE.

CNBC. (2019). FedEx unveils autonomous robot to test last mile deliveries. Retrieved from:

https://www.cnbc.com/video/2019/02/27/fedex-unveils-autonomous-robot-to-test-last-mile-deliveries.html

Gursoy, D., Chi, O. H., Lu, L., &Nunkoo, R. (2019). Consumers acceptance of artificially intelligent (AI) device use in service delivery. International Journal of Information Management, 49, 157-169.

Hoffmann, T., & Prause, G. (2018). On the regulatory framework for last-mile delivery robots. Machines, 6(3), 33.

Logistics Middle East Staff (2019). Dubai Airports joins Customer Advisory Board for FedEx. Retrieved from:

https://www.logisticsmiddleeast.com/technology/34627-dubai-airports-joins-customer-advisory-board-for-fedex-express-roxo-sameday-bot

McFarland, M. (2019). FedEx turns to Segway inventor to build delivery robot. Retrieved from:

https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/27/tech/fedex-delivery-robot/index.html