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AVS3201 January 2020 Name: ____________________________
Wind Components and Wind Shear Homework
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1. Convert the winds reported in the following METARs to a U and V component. Use the sustained
winds, not the gusts when doing your calculations! The graphics are included to help you visualize the
winds, you don’t need to use that information. Use the appropriate units! The u and v component
formulas are on the back page.
a. KVRB 231953Z 09010KT 10SM BKN023 BKN028 29/24 A2996
RMK AO2 SLP145 T02940239
U =
V =
b. KSPW 171453Z AUTO 13017KT 1/4SM +SN VV010 M10/M13
A3034 RMK AO2 PK WND 15026/1439 SLP304 P0001 60001
T11001128 58026
U =
V =
c. CYHZ 171500Z 34029G37KT 3/4SM R14/4500VP6000FT/D -SN
BLSN VV012 M10/M12 A2984 RMK SN8 PRESRR SLP117
U =
V =
d. ULLI 230930Z 23007MPS 9999 SCT033 21/09 Q1025
R88/090060 NOSIG
U =
V =
e. LGLM 170520Z 04021G31KT 9999 FEW012 BKN025 08/01 Q1025
U =
V =
2. Using the wind observation below for KFAR, calculate the crosswind and headwind/tailwind
components for the following 2 runways using trigonometry (see formulas next page). The airport
diagram is on the next page – draw on the figure as needed! I highly recommending drawing the wind
as a vector attached to each runway. Show your work below. Use the wind component chart on the
back page to check your work. Use the sustained wind speed, not the gust, for this problem.
METAR:
KFAR 171525Z 15026G39KT 2SM -SN OVC042 M08/M12 A3012 RMK AO2 PK WND
15043/1458
RUNWAY 6/24
Runway heading: 063 magnetic, 065 true 243 magnetic, 245 true
RUNWAY 12/30
Runway heading: 125 magnetic, 127 true 305 magnetic, 307 true
Think of B as the runway direction, think of A as the wind vector and |A| as the wind speed.
|A| sinq
Headwind/Tailwind
Crosswind
3. Wind shear! You will be using a portion of the radiosonde data from Cape Kennedy to both plot the
wind shear vector and calculate the wind shear vector between the 1000 mb (221 m) level and the 500
mb level (5900 m). DRCT is the wind direction. SKNT is the wind speed in knots.
a. Draw the wind vectors for the 1000 mb wind (lower level) and the 500 mb wind (upper level) on
the Hodograph Plot below. Then, use the graphical method to draw the wind shear vector.
Label all three vectors on the plot.
74794 XMR Cape Kennedy Observations at 12Z 17 Jan 2020
—————————————————————————–
PRES HGHT TEMP DWPT RELH MIXR DRCT SKNT THTA THTE THTV
hPa m C C % g/kg deg knot K K K
—————————————————————————–
1025.0 3 22.8 14.8 61 10.43 60 11 293.9 323.9 295.7
1000.0 221 20.8 11.8 56 8.76 45 30 293.9 319.4 295.5
850.0 1601 11.2 5.2 67 6.56 45 14 297.9 317.4 299.1
700.0 3210 4.6 -3.4 56 4.27 335 7 307.6 321.1 308.3
500.0 5900 -8.3 -34.3 10 0.42 270 33 322.9 324.5 322.9
b. Now, calculate the wind shear vector mathematically.
i. Determine the U and V components for the lower wind.
ii. Determine the U and V components for the upper wind.
iii. Subtract appropriately to get the U and V components of the wind shear vector:
c. Now, using the U and V component of the wind shear vector, determine the Meteorological
angle that the shear vector is coming from. You may first need to determine a math angle
(using the U and V components) and then determine the Meteorological angle. Draw below to
help explain your answer!
• u and v components
u=−?? ∗sin(θmet)
v=−?? ∗cos(θmet)
where WS is the wind speed
WS = √(?
2
+?2)
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AVS3201 Hodograph Assignment
Spring 2020
Read through the Lecture AVS3201_HODOGRAPHS_AUG2019
Also Read “Hodograph Basics” in
Practical Meteorology
(section 14.5.1) on pages 510 through 513.
Also Read “Advanced Topic: Hodographs” in
Severe and Hazardous Weather
(page 30).
The basic method of plotting the hodograph is two steps:
· Plot the tip of each wind vector as a dot.
·
Connect the dots.
Additionally, label each dot with a value indicating the pressure.
You will use the data handed out to you in class plot the data on your Hodograph sheet handed out in class. You only need to focus on the DRCT (wind direction) and SKNT (wind speed) columns for plotting the hodograph points. Use the PRES (pressure) column to label each point. Using knots for the wind speed is fine. Plot and label the points, then connect the dots!
Your data looks similar to this:
—————————————————————————–
PRES HGHT TEMP DWPT RELH MIXR DRCT SKNT THTA THTE THTV
hPa m C C % g/kg deg knot K K K
—————————————————————————–
980.0 178 23.8 18.8 74 14.14 190 9 298.7 340.0 301.2
965.0 312 22.6 16.6 69 12.46 196 13 298.8 335.3 301.0
932.2 610 19.8 15.1 74 11.73 210 21 298.9 333.4 301.0
925.0 677 19.2 14.8 76 11.57 210 23 298.9 332.9 301.0
899.8 914 17.3 13.7 79 11.05 215 30 299.4 331.9 301.4
898.0 931 17.2 13.6 79 11.01 216 31 299.4 331.9 301.4
868.2 1219 15.5 11.0 75 9.59 230 41 300.5 329.0 302.3
850.0 1399 14.4 9.4 72 8.78 235 42 301.2 327.4 302.8
Etc.
But don’t plot all the data! Plot the levels that are the closest to these pressure levels:
1000.0 mb
925.0 mb
875.0 mb
850.0 mb
825.0 mb
800.0 mb
750.0 mb
700.0 mb
650.0 mb
600.0 mb
550.0 mb
500.0 mb
400.0 mb
