week 2

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Your instructor will assign peer reviewers. You will review a fellow student’s Week 1 materials and provide substantive and constructive feedback to them on the direction for their final paper (250 word minimum). Is something useful missing from the outline? Do you know additional sources (or places to find good sources) the person might want to include? Do you understand clearly his or her topic and thesis?

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Fellow Student week I material:

Title of Paper: Long Term Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect.

Introduction:

The voice that is hardly heard. Child abuse and neglect have become predators within human history. As time has passed the outstanding cases that have come about over the many years have raised many eyebrows and society has become appreciative to the revilement of these evil acts within all communities. Child abuse and neglect can take place in a home as well as outside a home places many couldn’t even imagine such as within our school system as well as playgrounds. Even though many times these evil acts take place within a home it can be done by family, friends and acquaintances of the child. Child abuse and neglect can be performed in various ways such as neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse and emotional abuse.

Direct Statement and Research Question:

The voice that is hardly heard. Can child abuse and child neglect affect an individual?

Proposal:

The paper that I am presenting to you today will explore the aspects of child abuse, child neglect, effects of the abuse, signs of abuse, signs of neglect, symptoms, risk factors, treatment and prevention. Individuals have their own presumptions of their definition of child abuse as well as child neglect. Some of those presumptions that I have heard were the failure to provide enough love to a child, the failure to provide enough necessities to a child. Child neglect and abuse goes deeper than this the emotional neglect, physical neglect and medical neglect. Where a child sustained physical injuries due to the act of hitting, shaking, burning and kicking describes physical abuse. Sexual activity that the child cannot consent of or comprehend refers to sexual abuse. These acts involve anal and genital intercourse, oral contact, and fondling. Emotional as well as psychological abuse involves those words of putting children down, vulgar language, screaming and yelling can all involve emotional as well as psychological abuse towards a child.

Methodology and Data:

I plan on delivering my methodology through statistics such as research journals and individuals in society that also work with children who have been abused as well as neglected such as interviewing social workers, teachers, health professionals and individuals within society. Understanding that many abused children do not come forward because of that fear that has been placed in them. The fear of becoming the blame, the fear of being rejected or refused, the fear of the blame and the fear of being ashamed so I chose this way of researching my topic because many of the governmental statistics only present a small number of abused children because it is very hard for children to actively engage in speaking out. I want to be able to analyze this paper through actual real life events that has taken place as well as real research that unfolds the truth to child abuse and child neglect not only what acts represent the two but how they can truly damage a child how they can truly damage that child’s adulthood as well.

Reference draft:

Atiqul Haque, M., Janson, S., Moniruzzaman, S., Rahman, A. K. M. F., Islam, S. S., Mashreky, S. R., & Eriksson, U.-B. (2019). Children’s exposure to physical abuse from a child perspective: A population-based study in rural Bangladesh. PLoS ONE, 14(2), 1–16. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0212428 (Links to an external site.)

 

Bamatraf, F. F. (2019). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Childhood Abuse among Hadhramout University Students in Yemen. Middle East Journal of Family Medicine, 17(5), 42–54. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.5742MEWFM.2019.93645 (Links to an external site.)

 

Bütün Ayhan, A., & Beyazit, U. (2019). A Study on the Mother Education Program for the Prevention of Child Neglect. Psychological Reports, 122(6), 2178–2200. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1177/0033294118825100 

Christ, C., de Waal, M. M., Dekker, J. J. M., van Kuijk, I., van Schaik, D. J. F., Kikkert, M. J., Goudriaan, A. E., Beekman, A. T. F., & Messman-Moore, T. L. (2019). Linking childhood emotional abuse and depressive symptoms: The role of emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems. PLoS ONE, 14(2), 1–18. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0211882 (Links to an external site.)

 

Corr, C., Miller, D., Spence, C., Marshall, A. A., Mott, K., & Kretzer, J. (2019). ‘It’s never black and white’: Early interventionists’ experiences supporting abused children and their families. Psychological Services, 16(1), 103–110. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1037/ser0000282 (Links to an external site.)

 

Cozza, S. J., Whaley, G. L., Fisher, J. E., Zhou, J., Ortiz, C. D., McCarroll, J. E., Fullerton, C. S., & Ursano, R. J. (2018). Deployment status and child neglect types in the US Army. Child Maltreatment, 23(1), 25–33. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1177/1077559517717638 

Dale, C. A. (2019). Assessing the Relational Nature of Child Physical Abuse and Neglect Among 12-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Social, Behavioral & Health Sciences, 13(1), 98–114. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.5590/JSBHS.2019.13.1.06 

Denov, M. S. (2004). The Long-Term Effects of Child Sexual Abuse by Female Perpetrators: A Qualitative Study of Male and Female Victims. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(10), 1137–1156. 

Elam, G. A., & Kleist, D. M. (1999). Research on the long-term effects of child abuse. The Family Journal, 7(2), 154–160. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1177/1066480799072008 (Links to an external site.)

 

Elarousy, W., & Abed, S. (2019). Barriers that inhibit reporting suspected cases of child abuse and neglect among nurses in a public hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 25(6), 413–421. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.26719/emhj.18.055 

Finkelhor, D. (1990). Early and long-term effects of child sexual abuse: An update. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 21(5), 325–330. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1037/0735-7028.21.5.325 

Guhn, A., Steinacher, B., Merkl, A., Sterzer, P., & Köhler, S. (2019). Negative mood induction: Affective reactivity in recurrent, but not persistent depression. PLoS ONE, 14(1), 1–14. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0208616 (Links to an external site.)

 

Harter, S., Alexander, P. C., & Neimeyer, R. A. (1988). Long-term effects of incestuous child abuse in college women: Social adjustment, social cognition, and family characteristics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(1), 5–8. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1037/0022-006X.56.1.5 (Links to an external site.)

 

Heyman, R. E., Snarr, J. D., Slep, A. M. S., Baucom, K. J. W., & Linkh, D. J. (2020). Self-reporting DSM–5/ICD-11 clinically significant intimate partner violence and child abuse: Convergent and response process validity. Journal of Family Psychology, 34(1), 101–111. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1037/fam0000560.supp (Supplemental) 

James, F. (2018). Long term effects of child abuse: lessons for Australian paediatric nurses. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 35(4), 42–51. 

Johnson, R., & Fisher, H. L. (2018). Assessment of the psychometric properties of the Graded Care Profile version 2 (GCP2) tool for measuring child neglect. Child & Family Social Work, 23(3), 485–493. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1111/cfs.12441 

Karim, A., Razi, M. S., Muhammad, S., Masood, S. F., Mahmood, N., Imran, A., Imran, S., Hussain, M., & us Syed, S. S. M. (2019). Child Abuse and Neglect; Self-Reporting by Adult Patients Presenting in a Hospital for Psychological Problems. Professional Medical Journal, 26(11), 1–6. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.29309/TPMJ/2019.26.11.3070 

 Khandagale, V. S., & Chavan, R. L. (2019). Child Abuse and Neglect: Gender Based Teachers Awareness. Online Submission, 7(3), 113–121. 

Krugman, R. D., & Poland, L. (2019). Disrupting Social Norms: Eliminating Child abuse and Neglect in our Lifetime. Child & Adolescent Social Work Journal, 36(1), 15–17. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1007/s10560-018-0589-6 

Levine, E. C., Martinez, O., Mattera, B., Wu, E., Arreola, S., Rutledge, S. E., Newman, B., Icard, L., Muñoz-Laboy, M., Hausmann-Stabile, C., Welles, S., Rhodes, S. D., Dodge, B. M., Alfonso, S., Fernandez, M. I., & Carballo-Diéguez, A. (2018). Child Sexual Abuse and Adult Mental Health, Sexual Risk Behaviors, and Drinking Patterns Among Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 27(3), 237–253. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1080/10538712.2017.1343885 (Links to an external site.)

 

Marsman, A., Luijcks, R., Vossen, C., van Os, J., & Lousberg, R. (2019). The impact of adverse childhood experiences on EMG reactivity: A proof of concept study. PLoS ONE, 14(5), 1–14. 

https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0216657 (Links to an external site.)

 

Maguire-Jack, K., & Font, S. A. (2017). Community and individual risk factors for physical child abuse and child neglect: Variations by poverty status. Child Maltreatment, 22(3), 215–226. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1177/1077559517711806 

Preethy, N., & Somasundaram, S. (2020). Awareness of child abuse and neglect among working parents in Chennai, India: A knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey. Journal of Family Medicine & Primary Care, 9(2), 602–608. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1106_19 

Spiegel, D. (2000). Suffer the Children: Long-Term Effects of Sexual Abuse. Society, 37(4), 18–20. 

Yang, M., & Maguire, J. K. (2018). Individual and cumulative risks for child abuse and neglect. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 67(2), 287–301. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1111/fare.12310 

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