Transcultural Perspectives in Mental Health Nursing
Don't use plagiarized sources. Get Your Custom Essay on
Culture in Nursing WK 10 DQ 10
Just from $13/Page
Review the attached PowerPoint presentation. Once done and the following question ;
1. Present your opinion, the status of mentally ill homeless patients.
a. Include the health risks and the societal perceptions of mentally ill people.
b. What are health issues most likely to be seen in the homeless population?
2. Discuss how to screen for substance abuse in a maternity ward. Include the issues facing by single mothers of African American background as discussed in the Evidence-Based Practice box 10-5 on page 294
INSTRUCTIONS:
As stated in the syllabus, present your assignment in an APA format word document, Arial 12 font
A minimum of 2 evidence-based references besides the class textbook no older than five years must be used and quoted.
A minimum of 800 words is required. Please make sure to follow the instructions as given and use either spell-check or Grammarly before you post your assignment. You must present the assignment according to how it is posted, answering the questions by number, essay-style assignments will not be accepted unless otherwise specified.
Chapter
1
0:
Transcultural Perspectives
in Mental Health Nursing
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
1
Transcultural Perspectives in Mental Health Nursing #1
Transcultural nursing:
Examines mental illnesses within a transcultural perspective
Assists in understanding how culture influences the ways in which we interpret and behave with mental illnesses
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
2
Transcultural Perspectives in Mental Health Nursing #2
Mental disorders are defined according to “cultural, social, and familial norms and values” (DSM-V, 2013, p. 14).
Culture provides the framework that is used to interpret “the experience and expression of the symptoms, signs, and behaviors that are criteria for diagnosis” (p. 14)
Cultural norms shape what is considered normal versus abnormal.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
3
Defining Mental Health Within a Transcultural Nursing Perspective #1
According to the World Health Organization (2013):
“… there is no health without mental health.”
“Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”
Determinants of mental health at any given point in time: “social, psychological and biological factors.”
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
4
Defining Mental Health Within a Transcultural Nursing Perspective #2
Transcultural nurses should:
Understand patterns of values, beliefs, and practices for mental health care
Avoid stereotypes and ethnocentrism
Be aware of “norms”
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
5
Question #1
Is the following statement true or false?
Ethnocentrism can manifest as feelings of superiority or discrimination with respect to one’s own group or culture over another group or culture.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
6
Answer to Question #1
True
Rationale: Ethnocentrism presents as subconscious disregard for cultural differences; it may also present as authoritative.
Example: believing that one’s own health care beliefs and practices are superior to another culture’s.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
7
Population Trends and Mental Health
Mental illnesses are identified as “common” in the United States.
Approximately 43.7 million adults (~19%), aged 18 or older, were currently, or within the past year, diagnosed with a mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder.
Mental health care is moving from state and general “mental” hospitals to community-based service centers.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
8
Decision Making and Mental Health Care
Support and clear communication can be key to favorable outcomes for all clients.
Shared decision making (SDM) as a practice to advance mental health care encourages providers and consumers to collaborate on mental health care for the consumer.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
9
Disparities in Mental Health Care
Reducing and eliminating disparities can be accomplished through:
Professional organization initiatives
Caring
Reducing stigma
Identifying disparities
Recognizing cultural pain: feeling “insecure, embarrassed, angry, confused, torn, apologetic, uncertain, or inadequate because of conflicting expectations of and pressures from being a minority”
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
10
Question #2
Is the following statement true or false?
American biases and prejudges have made it difficult for individuals of diverse cultures to have their beliefs and values acknowledged.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
11
Answer to Question #2
True
Rationale: Historically, racism in America has led to difficulties in acknowledging and/or discussing differences in cultural values and lifeways for diverse cultural groups.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
12
Mental Health Care for Immigrants
Regarding immigrants, health care providers should be sensitive to:
Offensive terms, ex. “illegal alien”
Culture shock
Degree of acculturation
Feelings of depression, guilt, shame, anxiety
All of these factors put individuals at risk for depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and mental health problems.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
13
Cultural Criteria Changes in DSM-V
Culture-bound syndromes that have routinely been used by mental health professionals have now been replaced with three cultural concepts:
Cultural syndrome
Cultural idiom
Cultural explanation
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
14
Culture-Bound Syndromes
Culture-bound syndromes, also called folk illnesses, culture-specific illnesses, or culture-specific syndromes, often are localized to a particular cultural group.
Many of these patterns are indigenously considered to be “illnesses,” or at least afflictions, and most have local names.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
15
Cultural Values, Beliefs, and Practices
of Specific Cultural Groups
Health care providers want to help clients of all cultures achieve their optimal level of human functioning.
An individual’s optimal level of human functioning can be specifically tied to the meanings and expressions of care of one’s culture.
The transcultural nurse is encouraged to understand the diversity within cultural groups with respect to mental health beliefs and practices.
A thorough history and cultural assessment can achieve this.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
16
Culturally Competent Mental Health Care #1
Behavior can be misinterpreted and/or distorted if health care providers are not knowledgeable about caring for clients from diverse cultural groups.
Cultural competence is defined as a process in which nurses strive to work successfully within the cultural context of individuals, families, and communities.
Cultural competency can have a positive impact on the mental health care that is provided to clients of diverse cultural groups.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
17
Culturally Competent Mental Health Care #2
Developing cultural competence through:
Mutual trust
Moving beyond cultural sensitivity to competency-based cultural care
Intrapersonal reflection: a personal inventory of one’s own cultural values, beliefs, and practices to begin to identify, understand, and remove personal cultural bias, ethnocentrism, and prejudice
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
18
Important Factors to Consider in Transcultural Mental Health Nursing #1
Three important factors:
Communication and language
Spirituality
Experiences of pain
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
19
Important Factors to Consider in Transcultural Mental Health Nursing #2
Communication
Verbal and nonverbal
Developing trust
Availability of a certified translator/interpreter
Empathy
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
Question #3
Is the following statement true or false?
Researchers have shown that speaking the same language is the most important element in communicating with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
21
Answer to Question #3
False
Rationale: Research has shown that speaking the same language, while important, is not the most important element in communicating with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. The attitude of the care provider is instrumental in helping the client be open to treatment options. Communicating an understanding of cultural diversity helps facilitate the client–nurse relationship.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
22
Important Factors to Consider in Transcultural Mental Health Nursing #4
Spirituality
Spirituality refers to a broad sense of the inner experience of the self and a search for meaning; religion generally involves an institution with a given set of rules and observances involving devotion and ritual.
May enhance mental health and emotional stability.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
23
Important Factors to Consider in Transcultural Mental Health Nursing #5
Pain
Pain has a component that includes emotional elements.
Pain and depression linked.
Psychosomatic pain, or pain with psychological components.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
24
Question #4
There is increasing evidence to suggest that pain can be a physical symptom of which mental health illness?
Paranoia
Alcoholism
Drug abuse
Depression
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
25
Answer to Question #4
D. Depression
Rationale: There is increasing evidence to suggest that pain can be a physical symptom of depression and that pain and depression are common comorbidities.
Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer • All Rights Reserved
26
