please answer the questions below

Test

1. A “do not disturb” sign on Mr. Wall’s door means the probability that knocking behavior will be reinforced is nonexistent. The sign is an example of a(n):

a. establishing operation.

b. discriminative stimulus

.

c. abolishing operation.

d. S-delta.

2. Nelson characterizes those who seem to defy attempts to correct behavior difficulties as ____ students.

a. target

b. irritating

c. troubled

d. problematic

3. Which of the following is an example of a behavior?

a. Sadness.

b. Anxiety.

c. Depression.

d. Crying.

4. A(n) ____ is a statement about outcomes that teachers expect to occur by the end of the academic year.

a. goal

b. objective

c. transcript

d. report card

5. The ____ design should be the minimum level of data analysis a teacher uses prior to and throughout the duration of the support program.

a. A-B

b. multiple baseline

c. changing criterion

d. withdrawal

6. A-B-C analysis relies primarily on using ____.

a. checklists

b. interviews

c. narrative observations

d. FAST

7.

Functional analyses are essentially ____.

a. descriptive analyses

b. indirect assessments

c. qualitative assessments

d. experimental manipulations

8. To be effective in managing problem behavior, some form of ____ must be put into place.

a. punishment

b. disciplinary strategy

c. monitoring and evaluation

d. escape mechanism

9. If there are initial concerns before a behavior support plan is implemented, the plan ____.

a. should be implemented anyway

b. should be put on a trial period

c. should be thrown out

d. should be immediately revised

10. If a behavior plan is not effective, ____.

a. discontinue use

b. continue monitoring

c. continue evaluating

d. try implementing an intervention without a behavior plan

11.

This concept suggests that a lesser-preferred behavior can be reinforced with a more desirable behavior.

a. Response deprivation hypothesis.

b. Premack principle

s.

c. Positive reinforcement.

d. Response cost hypothesis.

12. ____ occurs when a series of behaviors are prompted and reinforced to increase the probability of a target behavior.

a. First-to-last prompting

b. Stimulus control

c. Behavioral momentum

d. Self-management

13. ____ occurs by engaging in a behavior (target behavior) at one time to control the occurrence of another behavior.

a. Fading

b. Premack principle

c. Response deprivation hypothesis

d. Self-management

14. ____ include behaviors that do not occur enough, such as failing to complete homework or getting to school on time.

a. Behavioral deficiencies

b. Behavioral excesses

c. Behavior ailments

d. Behavioral weaknesses

15. ____ involves the establishment of performance criteria and the identification and use of solutions to meet an establish goal.

a. Goal setting

b. Criteria-referencing

c. Self-monitoring

d. Self-charting

16. ____ involves teaching students how to graph their own behavior.

a. Goal setting

b. Self-recording

c. Self-monitoring
d. Self-charting

17. ____ involves teaching students how to measure their own behavior against some specified standard.

a. Self-instruction

b. Self-recording
c. Self-monitoring

d. Self-evaluation

18. ____ is teaching individuals how to reach a successful conclusion to a problematic situation.

a. Projection

b. Problem solving

c. Self-actualization

d. Self-affirmation

19. In regard to incorporating choices in the classroom, teachers should ____.

a. be weary of including flexibility in the curriculum

b. remove choice and be firm in their decisions

c. allow for a flexible curriculum

d. reduce choice as much as possible

20. ____ involves teaching students how to report on what they have done or will do accurately.

a. Correspondence training

b. Self-reinforcement

c. Self-management

d. Problem solving

21. This popular method of increasing appropriate behavior involves each party committing to the desired task, the consequence of that task, and how the behavior will be recorded through written agreement.

a. Token economy.

b. Mandated performance.

c. Conditional assignment.

d. Behavioral contract.

22. Token systems in the classroom should be used ____.

a. with all students

b. with students with disabilities

c. with students with behavioral disorders

d. only as a last resort

23. Children who call their mothers “mom” after having been reinforced for calling them “mommy” is an example of ____ generalization.

a. response

b. stimulus

c. programmed

d. prompted

24. A young child who sees a cartoon character on TV and thinks he is her father because he is bald like her father is an example of ____ generalization.

a. response
b. stimulus
c. programmed
d. prompted

25. When we are concerned about the lasting effect of the intervention, we are concerned with the ____ of a behavior.

a. response generalization

b. duration

c. sequential modification

d. maintenance

26. ____ reinforcers are consequences that are routinely available in the environment in which the new behavior will occur.

a. Naturally occurring

b. Intrinsic

c. Contrived

d. Positive

27. The process of teaching a student a behavior that recruits naturally occurring reinforcers is known as ____.

a. behavioral momentum

b. correspondence training

c. behavioral trapping

d. self-management

28. Educators must use the ____ possible.

a. least restrictive interventions

b. least intrusive interventions

c. most effective interventions

d. all of the above

29. ____ involves the extent to which an individual has limited access to basic human freedoms.

a. Disciplinary action

b. Level of punishment

c. Restrictiveness

d. Intrusiveness

30. ____ involves the extent to which behavioral interventions are obtrusive and affect a person’s bodily or personal right.

a. Disciplinary action
b. Level of punishment
c. Restrictiveness
d. Intrusiveness

31. The principle ____ suggests that the strategy selected should produce the least amount of harm if the procedure is ineffective.

a. from Premack

b. of least dangerous assumption

c. of least effort

d. of least restrictiveness

32. ____ procedures are those procedures that do not require explicit behavior management plans.

a. Informal

b. Formal

c. Baseline

d. Implicit

33. ____ involves manipulating contexts that already have a history of control over the behavior.

a. Situational inducement

b. Behavioral seduction

c. Behavioral trapping

d. Redirection

34. If students go off task during instruction, an example of ____ would involve telling the students they need to get back to work.

a. situational inducement

b. behavioral seduction

c. behavioral trapping

d. redirection

35. By teachers responding to minor behaviors before the behaviors become more severe, they are engaging in ____.

a. level I procedures

b. chain stopping

c. behavioral trapping

d. situational inducement

36. ____ involves decreasing unwanted behaviors by positioning ourselves somewhere next to the student.

a. Chain stopping

b. Level I procedures

c. Proximity control

d. Behavioral Trapping

37. These procedures are considered the least restrictive methods of decreasing unwanted behaviors in students.

a. Level I.

b. Level II.

c. Level III.

d. Level IV.

38. Stimulus control methods involve presenting the ____ and reinforcing the appropriate behavior when it occurs in its presence.

a. controlling stimulus

b. discriminative stimulus

c. differential reinforcer

d. alternative reinforcer

39. ____ are procedures used to reinforce appropriate behaviors while withholding reinforcement for inappropriate behavior.

a. Stimulus control procedures

b. Redirection procedures

c. Differential reinforcement procedures

d. Multiple reinforcement procedures

40. ____ means that if the unwanted behavior has not occurred during a 10-minute period, the individual’s lack of unwanted behavior will be reinforced.

a. DRA-10 minute

b. DRO-10 minute

c. DRL-10 minute

d. DRI-10 minute

41. Level II procedures specifically involve ____.

a. reinforcement

b. punishment

c. extinction

d. praise

42. Getting a parking ticket will result in a fine; the fine is an example of

a. a(n) ____.

b. controlling stimulus

c. response cost

d. reprimand

e. overcorrection

43. An example of non-exclusionary time-out would be removal ____.

a. of the student from the classroom

b. of the student to the hallway

c. of the student to a timeout room

d. of the student’s toy

44. ____ involves using an aversive or the threat of an aversive to increase desired behavior.

a. Escape conditioning

b. Reprimanding

c. Contingent exertion

d. Negative practice

45. The preferred method of behavioral management is the use of ____

a. procedures.

b. positive reinforcement

c. negative reinforcement

d. positive punishment

e. negative punishment

46. ____ are strong negative verbal stimuli such as saying, “No,” or “Don’t do

a. that.”

b. Threats

c. Abusive commands

d. Reprimands

e. Warnings

47. The primary problem with contingent exertion is that it ____.

a. may result in the student enjoying the exertion

b. may result in the student becoming compliant

c. may be highly aversive

d. may not work