Looking for someone to complete this World History study guide based off the documents I have attached.

Tang/Song

1. Describe the “Chinese Golden Age” and compare it to the European Renaissance.

2. Explain the role of women during these dynasties.

Ming/Qing

1. What was the Forbidden City and what was its purpose?

2. Describe Zheng He’s voyages. Why were they not as long lasting in impact as the later European explorers?

3. Why did the Ming and Qing dynasties isolate themselves?

Mongols:

1. Describe the Pax Mongolia and it’s implication on cultural diffusion.

Islamic Empires:

1. Explain Suleiman the Magnificent’ s contribution to the Ottoman Empire.

2. How did the Ottoman’s conquer Constantinople? Why is this ironic considering the decline of the empire?

3. Who were Janissaries?

4. What distinguishes the Safavid empire from the others? What modern day country makes up this territory?

5. Describe a legacy of the Mughal empire that represents its cultural blending of many traditions.

African Kingdoms:

1. How did Africa’s geography play a role in the development of civilization?

2. What goods were primarily traded along the Trans-Saharan trade route?

3. Describe an outcome of Mansa Musa’s hajj to Mecca.

4. Who was the initial market of the African slave trade?

5. Describe the Middle Passage.

6. Explain the African Diaspora and it’s implication.

Aztecs and Incas:

1. How did the Aztecs adapt to their geography?

2. Explain a major difference between the Aztec and Incan empires.

3. Why did early American empires practice human sacrifice?

4. How was Hernandez Cortez able to conquer the Aztecs?

Exploration:

1. How did the Renaissance influence the age of exploration?

2. Who was Vasco de Gama? What was his greatest achievement?

3. Describe the impact of Christopher Columbus’ voyages to the new world?

4. List goods exchange on either side of the Columbian Exchange.

5. What was the common goal among European countries for explorations and conquest?

Colonization:

1. Describe the outcome of the Treaty of Tordesillas.

2. Explain the encomienda system.

3. Describe the concept of mercantilism. What is the colonies’ role in it?

Japan:

1. Who were the Samurai?

2. Describe the achievements of the Tokugawa shogunate.

3. What religions played a role in feudal Japan? What is the origin of those religions?

AFRICAN KINGDOMS

I. AFRICAN GEOGRAPHY

A. Sahara- largest desert in the world located

B. Savanna- grassland, largest feature

C. Rainforest around equator

II. Impact of Geography

A. Few good lands for farming

B. Pastoralist lifestyle

C. Few written accounts

E. Trans-Saharan Trade Route- Trade and cultural

diffusion between North and West Africa across Sahara

III. MAJOR KINGDOMS

A. Axum- Christian kingdom

B. Great Zimbabwe

C. Ghana (300-1230) West Africa, exported gold,

imported salt

D. Mali (1230- 1400) Replaced Ghana, Muslim

1. Mansa Musa doubled size of empire, Hajj (inflation)

IV. SLAVE TRADE

A. All early civilizations

had slavery: From war,

tribute, debt, or

offspring

B. Arab Muslims

(Islamic Empires) first

non-Africans to trade

for slaves

C. Europeans were

later a new market for

African slaves

“Islamic Gunpowder Empires:
Ottoman Empire”

I. Ottoman Empire (1300-1918)
A. Sunni Muslim Turks from central Asia migrated into Asia minor (modern day Turkey)
B. Mehmet II, using cannons, took the Constantinople in 1453, renamed Istanbul

C. Expansion: eastern Europe, Middle East, North Africa
1. Gunpowder technology, strategy, and organization made it most powerful empire of the time
2. Controlled trade along Mediterranean Sea

3. Religious freedom for Christians and Jews
4. Janissaries- enslaved Christian boys taken to be enslaved and made elite soldiers loyal to the sultan

D. Suleiman the Magnificent
Military expanded all the way to Vienna, Austria
Reformed taxes and bureaucracy
Improved the court system and legal code; reduced corruption with new laws

E. Decline:
too large to manage- widespread corruption
Slow to adapt to Western manufacturing and technology (banned the printing press)
Slowly lost territory but lasted until WWI

Late Chinese Dynasties:
Tang, Song, & Monogls

I. The Chinese Golden Age
(Tang 618-907
Song 960-1279)
A. Tang restored a strong central government with bureaucracy after a period of disunity
B. Buddhism became the main religion

Wu Zetian

C. Expanded the civil service system to allow any person to try to take the exams- great honor and status to pass

D. Inventions: printing press, gunpowder, paper money, compass, porcelain
E. Practiced foot binding- limited women’s movement

F. Overthrown by the Mongols

II. The Mongolian Empire
A. The Mongols were a nomadic pastoralist people from central Asia with a history of invading China

B. Tribes united by Genghis Khan (universal ruler)- 1206 AD
great military leader who used his cavalry to defeat all enemies

2. Enemy cities were either destroyed or became tributary states- self rule, but must give resources
3. After Genghis Khan died, empire split in four empires- Pax Mongolia (era of Mongol peace)

C. The Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368): Mongol Rule
1. Kublai Khan (Genghis Khan’s grandson) conquered China and declared himself emperor

2. Visited by the European explorer Marco Polo
3. Tried to invade Japan but defeated by typhoons

Late Chinese Dynasties:
Ming and qing

IV. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
A. Peasants defeated the last of the Mongol armies and claimed the mandate of heaven
B. Restored culture based on Confucianism and civil service

C. Ruled from Forbidden City complex in Beijing, Emperor became isolated from his people – WHY?!?!

D. Foreign Relations
1. Admiral Zheng He extended Ming influence by leading a huge fleet to collect tribute from around the Indian Ocean
2. After, China became isolated but had limited trade with Europeans

V. Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
A. Manchu (NE China) invaded and started a new dynasty
B. Economy prospered with export of tea

C. Chinese believed that their goods and culture were superior to Europeans
D. Isolation prevented them from keeping up with European advancements

Islamic Gunpowder Empires:
Safavid and Mughal

II. Safavid Empire (1500-1722)
A. Located: Persia (modern day Iran), Shi’a Muslim
B. Persecuted the Sunni, came into conflict with the Ottomans and other Muslims

C. Traded silk, carpets, and ceramics along the Silk Road to the West
D. Decline: British and Dutch controlled Indian Ocean trade, raids from tribes along borders

III. Mughal Empire (1526-1750)
A. Islamic conquerors (using gunpowder) took India
B. Achievements
1. Significant population growth with heavy agriculture
2. Taj Mahal- built by Shah Jahan as tomb in memory of his wife

C. Religion
1. Muslims ran the government but allowed religious tolerance
2. Sikhism- religion that blended elements of both Islam and Hinduism

D. Decline
Later rulers persecuted Hindus and Sikhs leading to rebellion
European merchants (especially the British) gained more influence in India through local leaders

The Aztecs and Incas

I. Aztecs (1200-1500)
A. Middle Central America – (Mexico)

B. Capital -Tenochtitlan
1. Located on an island in Lake Texcoco (now Mexico City)
2. Biggest city in the world at the time

3. Chinampas-
floating farms

C. Warrior society but also very educated
E. Human sacrifice

II. Incas (1400 – 1550)
West coast of South America

B. Centrally government controlled economy, religion, and class system

C. Cities
1. Cusco (Captiol)
2. Machu Picchu

D. Extensive road network
E. No writing but recording system (quipu)

Exploration
and
Conquest

I. European Exploration
Why Explore?
Wealth from direct trade with Asia
Spread the faith

3. Spirit of Renaissance exploration and discovery
4. New technologies
Caravel- long distance ship with triangular sails
Compass -navigational tool
Astrolabe- using the stars to find position

II. Conquistadors
A. Conquistadors- Spanish conquerors of Americas
B. Why conquer the Americas?
1. god, glory, gold
C. Able to conquer because of their newness, modern weapons (horses, steel, and gunpowder), and diseases