Which one of the following is the only

domain

that contains eukaryotes?

Question options:

  

Animalia

 

Plantae

 

Archaea

 

Eukarya

 

Question 2

2.5 / 2.5 points

   

    

RNAs that can act as enzymes are called:

Question options:
  

ribozymes.

 

ATPs.

 

lysosomes.

 

prokaryotes.

 

Question 3

2.5 / 2.5 points

       

You discover a prokaryote that can make its own food in the absence of light. Nutritionally, you would classify this prokaryote as a:

Question options:
  

chemoautotroph.

 

photo

heterotroph.

 

photoautotroph.

 
heterotroph.
 

Question 4

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called:

Question options:
  

biogeography.

 

zoography.

 

phylogeny.

 

taxonomy.

 

Question 5

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which of the following is a colonial form of green algae?

Question options:
  

Volvox

 

Giardia

 

Paramecium

 

Plasmodium

 

Question 6

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which of the following is NOT true?

Question options:
  

The great diversification of   animals occurred during the Cambrian explosion.

 

For most of biological history,   life was confined to aquatic habitats.

 

The evolution of multicellularity   took place after the origin of the eukaryotes.

 

The first organisms to colonize   land were animals.

 

Question 7

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces. This switch in function is an example of:

Question options:
  

paedomorphosis.

 

punctuated

equilibrium.

 

convergent evolution.

 

an exaptation.

 

Question 8

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT:

Question options:
  

proteins.

 

DNA sequences.

 

amino acid sequences.

 

anatomical features.

 

Question 9

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

__________ are responsible for toxic red tides.

Question options:
  

Plasmodial slime molds

 

Dinoflagellates

 

Red algae

 

Diatoms

 

Question 10

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Speciation requires:

Question options:
  

periods of rapid evolutionary   change.

 

geographic isolation.

 

long periods of time.

 

genetic isolation.

 

Question 11

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a:

Question options:
  

outgroup.

 

clade.

 

genus.

 

ingroup.

 

Question 12

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Prokaryotes reproduce by means of:

Question options:
  

mitosis.

 

binary fission.

 

budding.

 

meiosis.

 

Question 13

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Endosymbiosis explains the origin of the __________ of eukaryotes.

Question options:
  

chloroplasts and mitochondria

 

endomembrane system

 

nuclear envelope

 

membrane-bound organelles

 

Question 14

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis?

Question options:
  

Starfish regenerating severed   limbs

 

Rapid evolution in a small,   isolated population

 

Two species evolving a similar   appearance

 

The ability to reproduce evolving   in caterpillars

 

Question 15

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The wing of a penguin is __________ the wing of a butterfly.

Question options:
  

structurally identical to

 

superior to

 

homologous to

 

analogous to

 

Question 16

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The absence of __________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.

Question options:
  

N₂

 

C

O₂

 

CH₄

 
O₂
 

Question 17

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

A period of mass extinction is often followed by:

Question options:
  

explosive diversification.

 

nonbranching evolution.

 

global cooling.

 
equilibrium.
 

Question 18

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Land was first colonized about __________ years ago.

Question options:
  

100 million

 

500 million

 

1.7 billion

 

2.5 billion

 

Question 19

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Of the following taxonomic levels, species found within the same __________ are the most closely related.

Question options:
  

family

 

phylum

 

order

 
domain
 

Question 20

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Variation among pre-cells was due to:

Question options:
  

genetic drift.

 

natural selection.

 

the bottleneck effect.

 

mutation.

 

Lesson 5 Exam

   

Question 21

2.5 / 2.5 points

Which one of the following statements is true?

Question options:
  

Natural selection works on   variation already present in a population.

 

Natural selection works on   non-heritable traits.

 

Individuals evolve through natural   selection.

 

Organisms evolve structures that   they need.

 

Question 22

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The oldest known fossils are from about __________ years ago.

Question options:
  

3.5 billion

 

6,000

 

4.0 million

 

1.0 billion

 

Question 23

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

While on the Beagle, Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was __________ and sculpted by geologic processes that __________ today.

Question options:
  

old; continue

 

old; no longer occur

 

young; continue

 

young; no longer occur

 

Question 24

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The human genome contains approximately __________ genes.

Question options:
  

1,000-2,000

 

50,000-60,000

 

21,000

 

2,000-3,000

 

Question 25

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which one of the following can create new alleles?

Question options:
  

Bottleneck Effect

 

Sexual reproduction

 

Mutation

 

Founder Effect

 

Question 26

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The presence of freckles is due to a dominant allele. Four percent of the individuals in a particular population lack freckles. Use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the percentage of individuals in this population who are homozygous dominant for freckles.

Question options:
  

32%

 
4%
 

64%

 

80%

 

Question 27

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Your family is taking a long driving vacation across the midwestern and western United States. As you travel, you notice that the flowers, birds, and trees of the Midwest and the Rocky Mountains are very different. As you ponder why, you remember that such differences in the distribution of species are part of the field of:

Question options:
  

paleontology.

 

geology.

 
biogeography.
 

morphology.

 

Question 28

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The Human Genome Project has the potential to:

Question options:
  

lead to treatments for inherited   diseases.

 

lead to treatments for contagious   diseases.

 

increase our understanding of the   historical relationships among species.

 

play a role in all of the above   answer choices.

 

Question 29

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The possibility that Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan spread an unusual chromosome to nearly 16 million men living today resulted from studies of:

Question options:
  

proteomics.

 

cDNA.

 

the X chromosome.

 

the Y chromosome.

 

Question 30

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

A DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads -ATTCG will bind with another DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads:

Question options:
  

TAAGC-.

 

CGGAT-.

 

GCCTA-.

 

ATTGC-.

 

Question 31

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Genetically modifying human __________ cells may directly affect future generations.

Question options:
  

intestinal

 

immune

 

gametic

 

somatic

 

Question 32

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The scientific field that studies complete sets of genes is called:

Question options:
  

genomics.

 

recombinant DNA.

 
proteomics.
 

restriction enzyme.

 

Question 33

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which enzyme is used to bind DNA fragments together?

Question options:
  

Restriction enzyme

 

Telomerase

 

DNA ligase

 

DNA polymerase

 

Question 34

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection?

Question options:
  

Differential reproductive success

 

Overproduction of offspring

 

Genetic variation

 

Catastrophic events

 

Question 35

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time make up that population’s:

Question options:
  

gene pool.

 

genotype.

 

heterozygosity.

 

polymorphic pool.

 

Question 36

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

You are attempting to link an individual to a crime. The only evidence you have is a tiny drop of blood. How can you use this drop of blood to make the association?

Question options:
  

You can use the sample to   determine the individual’s ABO blood group.

 

You can use gel electrophoresis to   determine the length of the DNA found in the sample.

 

You can use PCR to increase the   amount of DNA available for restriction fragment analysis.

 

You can use the sample to check   for the presence of the Rhesus factor.

 

Question 37

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Natural selection results in:

Question options:
  

increased genetic variation.

 

a population that is better   adapted to a future environment.

 

a population that is adapted to   its current environment.

 

an increase in the size of a   population.

 

Question 38

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?

Question options:
  

Directional selection

 
Mutation
 

Stabilizing selection

 

Diversifying selection

 

Question 39

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

Nucleic acid probes are used to:

Question options:
  

find a specific nucleotide   sequence.

 

isolate bacterial genes.

 

destroy clones that do not carry   the recombinant plasmid of interest.

 

synthesize a RNA strand   complementary to a stickyend.

 

Question 40

2.5 / 2.5 points
       

A collection of cloned DNA fragments that includes an organism’s entire genome is called a:

Question options:
  

phenotypic library.

 

gene repository.

 

clone collection.

 

genomic library.

 

Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?

Question options:
  
Animalia
 
Plantae
 
Archaea
 
Eukarya
 
Question 2
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
RNAs that can act as enzymes are called:
Question options:
  
ribozymes.
 
ATPs.
 
lysosomes.
 
prokaryotes.
 
Question 3
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
You discover a prokaryote that can make its own food in the absence of light. Nutritionally, you would classify this prokaryote as a:
Question options:
  
chemoautotroph.
 

photoheterotroph.

 
photoautotroph.
 
heterotroph.
 
Question 4
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called:
Question options:
  
biogeography.
 
zoography.
 
phylogeny.
 
taxonomy.
 
Question 5
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which of the following is a colonial form of green algae?
Question options:
  
Volvox
 
Giardia
 
Paramecium
 
Plasmodium
 
Question 6
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which of the following is NOT true?
Question options:
  
The great diversification of   animals occurred during the Cambrian explosion.
 
For most of biological history,   life was confined to aquatic habitats.
 
The evolution of multicellularity   took place after the origin of the eukaryotes.
 
The first organisms to colonize   land were animals.
 
Question 7
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces. This switch in function is an example of:
Question options:
  
paedomorphosis.
 

punctuated equilibrium.

 
convergent evolution.
 
an exaptation.
 
Question 8
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data EXCEPT:
Question options:
  
proteins.
 
DNA sequences.
 
amino acid sequences.
 
anatomical features.
 
Question 9
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
__________ are responsible for toxic red tides.
Question options:
  
Plasmodial slime molds
 
Dinoflagellates
 
Red algae
 
Diatoms
 
Question 10
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Speciation requires:
Question options:
  
periods of rapid evolutionary   change.
 
geographic isolation.
 
long periods of time.
 
genetic isolation.
 
Question 11
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a:
Question options:
  
outgroup.
 
clade.
 
genus.
 
ingroup.
 
Question 12
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Prokaryotes reproduce by means of:
Question options:
  
mitosis.
 
binary fission.
 
budding.
 
meiosis.
 
Question 13
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Endosymbiosis explains the origin of the __________ of eukaryotes.
Question options:
  
chloroplasts and mitochondria
 
endomembrane system
 
nuclear envelope
 
membrane-bound organelles
 
Question 14
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis?
Question options:
  
Starfish regenerating severed   limbs
 
Rapid evolution in a small,   isolated population
 
Two species evolving a similar   appearance
 
The ability to reproduce evolving   in caterpillars
 
Question 15
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The wing of a penguin is __________ the wing of a butterfly.
Question options:
  
structurally identical to
 
superior to
 
homologous to
 
analogous to
 
Question 16
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The absence of __________ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth.
Question options:
  
N₂
 

CO₂

 
CH₄
 
O₂
 
Question 17
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
A period of mass extinction is often followed by:
Question options:
  
explosive diversification.
 
nonbranching evolution.
 
global cooling.
 
equilibrium.
 
Question 18
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Land was first colonized about __________ years ago.
Question options:
  
100 million
 
500 million
 
1.7 billion
 
2.5 billion
 
Question 19
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Of the following taxonomic levels, species found within the same __________ are the most closely related.
Question options:
  
family
 
phylum
 
order
 
domain
 
Question 20
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Variation among pre-cells was due to:
Question options:
  
genetic drift.
 
natural selection.
 
the bottleneck effect.
 
mutation.
 
Lesson 5 Exam
   
Question 21
2.5 / 2.5 points
Which one of the following statements is true?
Question options:
  
Natural selection works on   variation already present in a population.
 
Natural selection works on   non-heritable traits.
 
Individuals evolve through natural   selection.
 
Organisms evolve structures that   they need.
 
Question 22
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The oldest known fossils are from about __________ years ago.
Question options:
  
3.5 billion
 
6,000
 
4.0 million
 
1.0 billion
 
Question 23
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
While on the Beagle, Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was __________ and sculpted by geologic processes that __________ today.
Question options:
  
old; continue
 
old; no longer occur
 
young; continue
 
young; no longer occur
 
Question 24
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The human genome contains approximately __________ genes.
Question options:
  
1,000-2,000
 
50,000-60,000
 
21,000
 
2,000-3,000
 
Question 25
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which one of the following can create new alleles?
Question options:
  
Bottleneck Effect
 
Sexual reproduction
 
Mutation
 
Founder Effect
 
Question 26
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The presence of freckles is due to a dominant allele. Four percent of the individuals in a particular population lack freckles. Use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the percentage of individuals in this population who are homozygous dominant for freckles.
Question options:
  
32%
 
4%
 
64%
 
80%
 
Question 27
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Your family is taking a long driving vacation across the midwestern and western United States. As you travel, you notice that the flowers, birds, and trees of the Midwest and the Rocky Mountains are very different. As you ponder why, you remember that such differences in the distribution of species are part of the field of:
Question options:
  
paleontology.
 
geology.
 
biogeography.
 
morphology.
 
Question 28
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The Human Genome Project has the potential to:
Question options:
  
lead to treatments for inherited   diseases.
 
lead to treatments for contagious   diseases.
 
increase our understanding of the   historical relationships among species.
 
play a role in all of the above   answer choices.
 
Question 29
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The possibility that Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan spread an unusual chromosome to nearly 16 million men living today resulted from studies of:
Question options:
  
proteomics.
 
cDNA.
 
the X chromosome.
 
the Y chromosome.
 
Question 30
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
A DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads -ATTCG will bind with another DNA fragment with a sticky end that reads:
Question options:
  
TAAGC-.
 
CGGAT-.
 
GCCTA-.
 
ATTGC-.
 
Question 31
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Genetically modifying human __________ cells may directly affect future generations.
Question options:
  
intestinal
 
immune
 
gametic
 
somatic
 
Question 32
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The scientific field that studies complete sets of genes is called:
Question options:
  
genomics.
 
recombinant DNA.
 
proteomics.
 
restriction enzyme.
 
Question 33
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which enzyme is used to bind DNA fragments together?
Question options:
  
Restriction enzyme
 
Telomerase
 
DNA ligase
 
DNA polymerase
 
Question 34
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection?
Question options:
  
Differential reproductive success
 
Overproduction of offspring
 
Genetic variation
 
Catastrophic events
 
Question 35
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time make up that population’s:
Question options:
  
gene pool.
 
genotype.
 
heterozygosity.
 
polymorphic pool.
 
Question 36
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
You are attempting to link an individual to a crime. The only evidence you have is a tiny drop of blood. How can you use this drop of blood to make the association?
Question options:
  
You can use the sample to   determine the individual’s ABO blood group.
 
You can use gel electrophoresis to   determine the length of the DNA found in the sample.
 
You can use PCR to increase the   amount of DNA available for restriction fragment analysis.
 
You can use the sample to check   for the presence of the Rhesus factor.
 
Question 37
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Natural selection results in:
Question options:
  
increased genetic variation.
 
a population that is better   adapted to a future environment.
 
a population that is adapted to   its current environment.
 
an increase in the size of a   population.
 
Question 38
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Which of the following is most likely to decrease genetic variation?
Question options:
  
Directional selection
 
Mutation
 
Stabilizing selection
 
Diversifying selection
 
Question 39
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
Nucleic acid probes are used to:
Question options:
  
find a specific nucleotide   sequence.
 
isolate bacterial genes.
 
destroy clones that do not carry   the recombinant plasmid of interest.
 
synthesize a RNA strand   complementary to a stickyend.
 
Question 40
2.5 / 2.5 points
       
A collection of cloned DNA fragments that includes an organism’s entire genome is called a:
Question options:
  
phenotypic library.
 
gene repository.
 
clone collection.
 
genomic library.