ASSIGNMENT:

Please refer attached document and the actual assignment starts from step2

Please carefully read the deliverables and answer each point.

Below are the points from what professor mentioned 

Requirement 1 (concept map should related to the project ITS631_GroupProjects x)

You needed to submit a visualization (the concept map) and a paper that describes motivation (why the topic you are choosing is important and interesting), objectives (what tentative issues/aspects will be researched in the term paper), a work plan, and an initial list of relevant references that you have found.

Please refer the conceptmap example attachement

Requirement 2

Final deliverable are mentioned in the file

Deliverables

1) Issue analysis table (from Step 2)

2) Technology briefing (from Step 3)

3) Migration plan including An “as-is” and “to-be” process flow diagram for at least one system (from Step 4)

4) Final presentation (from Step 5)

Instructions:

Concept map on the topic mentioned on ITS631_GroupProjects x
5-6 Pages of project base on same topic mentioned on ITS631_GroupProjects x.
ppt based on the same topic mentioned on ITS631_GroupProjects x

please include the references (same references on all the papers)

apa format

cite the reference properly

Group Project G-2

1

.

Title

Information Technology Management

2.    Introduction

XYZ Corporation has recently acquired Suburban Independent Clinic, Inc. (SIC) which serves the general outpatient medical needs of a suburb just outside of MD. It competes directly with CVS Minute Clinic and Urgent Care Center. The corporation appointed you as the chief information officer (CIO) of the clinic in charge of managing clinical and administrative information, technologies and systems.

The clinic is feeling the pressure in many respects – cost, quality of care, access, and efficiency. Disease and personal injuries are on the rise, requirements for efficient and effective care delivery are increasing, and healthcare costs have climbed over time.

Legislation such as the Affordable Care Act has called for the greater adoption of health information technology to improve access, delivery, efficiency and quality of health care serves and treatments while reducing costs and the occurrence of medical errors. This project explores the development and use of information technology IT since it has emerged as a powerful enabler in helping to achieve multiple goals and objectives across the entire U.S. healthcare system.

As the CIO you realize the value and importance of applying IT and have been asked to analyze the issues faced by the clinic and develop a new IT architecture for the facility.

You will benefit from this project in that it will develop your knowledge of information technology in the context of the health care field. So welcome to the world of health information technology and let’s begin this journey step-by-step.

3. Steps to Completion

Your instructor will form the teams. Each member is expected to contribute to the team agreement which documents the members’ contact information and sets goals and expectations for the team.

1) Understand the Setting

Besides yourself, employees in the Suburban Independent Clinic include:

· Clinic Director

· Attending physicians (general practitioners)

· Nurses

· Office manager [designated as the Health Information Management (HIM) Manager]

· Receptionist/Interpreter

A survey was conducted involving the patients and specific employees of SIC. Here is a representative sample of their feedback:

Patient

· I can only make appointments by phone. SIC, you need to move to the 21st century!

· The only way I can view my medical record is by being physically in the office.

· Boy, it takes a really long time for the office people to find my medical records. I notice that they keep them in paper files. Once they gave the doctor the wrong record for me because I had the same name as another patient.

· I once saw an employee leave my medical records out in the open where anyone can view it!

· I have to complete all forms by hand. What a pain!

· Drug costs are skyrocketing. We need to look if pharmaceutical companies are ripping us off!

· My pharmacist once told me that the prescription from the doctor was difficult to read. She had to call the doctor’s office to find out what medication was being prescribed.

· I often forget what the doctor told me after my examination especially when he gives a lot of instructions.

· I had a drug-drug interaction that could have been prevented. I am suing SIC!

· I have a difficult time getting to the office. No one will take me and the cost of a taxi is expensive.

· I like the fact that the receptionist is bilingual but sometimes she is too busy and cannot interpret for me.

Physician

· I cannot read the handwritten charts from Dr. Smith because of his lousy penmanship. Some comments he includes are scribbled in the margins.

· I like to identify trends and patterns among my patients (is there an epidemic of a particular virus?) but it is too much of a manual process to compile and compare all of the records. I also like to explore trends among all clinics in the region and in the country.

· It takes a long time to get patient records from the filing cabinet. It is sometimes misfiled or even missing!

· I wish I could better communicate with my patients beyond an office conversation.

· I want to start a wellness program but printing and mailing costs makes it prohibitive.

· I wish I could see the patient’s medical history from birth to the present particularly when the patient has changed doctors.

· I have a difficult time managing my certifications. They are all lying in my office drawer or hanging in frames.

· I like spending time with patients and teaching but I hate the paperwork and administration issues I face every day!

Nurse

· Often medical supplies were low and had to be ordered them by phone at the last minute.

· Sometimes there is an inadequate staffing of nurses and I have to work a double shift. It’s just not fair!

· Occasionally we have to repeat tests because we cannot find the patient’s data.

· I don’t have the time to take training sessions I need during regular office hours.

· It takes a while to contact immunization registries by phone.

· I am spend less and less time on patient care and more time with bookkeeping.

Office Manager / HIM Manager

· The facility is running out of space due to the frequent addition of file cabinets to hold the growing patient data. It is expensive to buy these cabinets and we are losing space that we normally use for patient care.

· Documentation is inadequate when corporate auditor want to examine records for cost and compliance reviews.

· Once we lose medical records they were gone forever.

· Health insurance claims are handled manually and subject to errors. And when there is changes in the rules, we learn about it much too late and some employees are not informed of the change.

· We have a frequent cash flow problems because we tend to send bills late. We should ask for payments on the spot!

· Please, I don’t want to use computer technology since it will increase costs tremendously. I don’t believe those computer systems vendors – they are just out to make a buck.

· I am overworked and underpaid! I would like to start a union of clinic office managers!

· Archived medical records are stored in a warehouse. If they need to be retrieved they need to faxed, scanned or mail which is a time consuming process when it could be a life or death situation.

2) Analyze the Issues

Your work begins now. As a first step you are to organize these issues into logical categories and prioritize them.

In analyzing each issue, think about these questions:

· Do I understand the meaning and nature of the issue?

· Should we care about this issue?

· What does literature say about this issue?

· Who is affected by the issue? How so?

· Which issues are most important? Least important?

· How does this issue relate to corporate strategy and goals?

Do not jump the gun and start identifying solutions now. That step comes later.

Deliverable: Prepare a narrative and a summary table that would capture the results of your issue analysis in this step. The table should prioritize the issues in the context of SIC and Largo Corporation. Be sure to state your assumptions.

3) Research Technologies and Technology Trends

Investigate and evaluate the current and emerging technologies that have the potential of addressing the identified issues. Review your textbook, library resources and other peer-reviewed references.

Evaluate the relevance of the following technology trends and approaches:

· Electronic health records (EHR)

· Computerized provider order entry (CPOE)

· Bar code medication administration (BCMA)

· Medication management system

· Robotics/Workstations on wheels (WOW)

· Mobile technologies and apps

· Internet-based applications

· Enterprise Resource Planning

· Cloud computing

· Big Data technologies

· Collaborative technologies

· Decision support systems

You are not limited to the above list in your analysis.

Review and evaluate the relevancy of IT trends and approaches to the current situation. Review your textbook, library resources and other peer-reviewed references.

Deliverable: Provide a technical briefing that examines different technologies and technology trends relevant to SIC’s issues include a short description of each. Also, explain why these technologies are applicable to SIC’s challenges.

4) Prepare a migration strategy

Moving from the “as-is” to the “to-be” state can very challenging. Review techniques for migrating an organization to a new set of technologies and processes. Keep in mind change management strategies.

Deliverable: Outline a plan that addresses how the organization will move to its new architecture.

5

) Communicate the Overall Findings and Recommendations

Provide a presentation that addresses a set of recommendations on the technologies and trends needed to address the current situation

4.    Deliverables

1) Issue analysis table (from Step 2)

2) Technology briefing (from Step 3)

3) Migration plan including An “as-is” and “to-be” process flow diagram for at least one system (from Step 4)

4) Final presentation (from Step 5)

Watch this helpful video about concept map:  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KhgxuNvbNrA 

.

5

Information Technology Management

Overview

Suburban Independent Clinic suffers quite a number of issues which ought to be addressed.

Patients complain of Outdated software.

The firm fully relies on manual processing tools.

Both internal and external stakeholders have aired their grievances.

Analysis of the issues

Most issues regard poor management, insecurity of patient information, poor record keeping and insufficient funds.

First assumption made is that it is imperative preventing further issues.

Second assumption is that issues not presented in the list have medium to low priorities.

Nurses Analysis
Survey Statement Identified Issue Affected People Strategic Priority

Often medical supplies were low and had to be ordered by phone at the last minute Poor medical supply planning Nurse and patients HIGH
Sometimes there is inadequate staffing of nurses and I have to work a double shift. It’s just not fair! Insufficient staffing Nurse HIGH
Occasionally we have to repeat tests because we cannot find the patient’s data. Data loss Patient and nurse MEDIUM
I spend less time on patient care and more on bookkeeping Little time when administering medication to patients patient HIGH
It takes a while to contact immunization registries by phone Limited access to immunizations Nurse HIGH
I don’t have time to take training sessions I need during regular
office hours Limited time for Inservice training Nurse LOW

4

Patients Analysis
Survey Statement Identified Issue Affected People Strategic Priority
Patient
I can only make appointments by phone. SIC, you need to move to the 21st century! Reduced access for
patients to make
appointments Patient LOW
I once saw an employee leave my medical records out in the open where anyone can view them! Insufficient confidentiality Patient HIGH

Physicians Analysis
Survey Statement Identified Issue Affected People Strategic Priority

It takes a long time to get patient records from the filing cabinet. It is
sometimes misfiled or even missing! Poor documentation
and retrieval of
patient records Patient MEDIUM
I wish I could see the patient’s medical history from birth to the present particularly when the patient has changed doctors Poor management of
historical data Physician HIGH
I like spending time with patients and teaching but I hate the paperwork and administration issues I face it every day! Lengthy and tedious
paperwork Physician MEDIUM

HIM Manager Analysis
Survey Statement Identified Issue Affected People Strategic Priority
Documentation is inadequate when the corporate auditor wants to examine records for cost and compliance reviews. Poor documentation HIM manager MEDIUM
The facility is running out of space due to the frequent addition of file cabinets to hold the growing patient data Inadequate storage
space HIM manager MEDIUM
Once we lose medical records, they are gone forever Loss of data HIM manager and patient MEDIUM
Please, I don’t want to use a computer technology since it will increase costs tremendously Management
resistance Patients, nurses, and
physicians HIGH
Archived medical records are stored in a warehouse Poor management of
historical data Physician HIGH

Research Technologies and Trends

The technologies to be used are ERM and Big Data analytics.

They two technologies have a number of trends that are relevant to the issues occurring in SIC.

The two technologies utilize current technology.

Research Technologies and Trends: ERP
handling basic organizational issues through the correct allocation of resources.
Enabling the enterprise to generate necessary revenue
Integrating primary organizational record keeping.

ERP serves to ensure that all manual processes have been automated. The management of basic organizations is directly related to the allocation of the resources. Better understanding will facilitate the right resource allocation. Through normal functioning of the organization, it will be easier for the organization to generate the necessary revenue needed. Organizational record keeping and management is enhanced because the associated problems will be associated.
9

Research Technologies and Trends: ERP Cont.
ERP is among the trending technologies
ERP is effective in healthcare centers
ERP technology can undertake both operative and administrative activities in the organization.
The technology can address some current issues in SIC.

ERP has been categorized among the trending technology which is on a rapid rise. They have emerged being effective because major healthcare facilities heavily rely on process-oriented ideologies. The technology has the capacity of undertaking operative and administration activities in an organization. Management and planning in healthcare facilities demand a lot of information, which is difficult to handle manually (Adwan et al., 2013) To date, some elements and capabilities of ERM have the capacity of addressing issues SIC is undergoing. For instance, the trend can address storage issues since information will be kept in the cloud. ERM will enhance the integration of new software, generating the necessary policies that can run the organization forward.
10

Research Technologies and Trends: Big Data

Big data technology also helps in addressing the challenges being faced. The technology comprises multiple techniques that can facilitate the mining of useful information from large volumes of data (Wang, Kung, and Byrd, 2018). The trend is ideal because the healthcare sector comprises large volumes of data since new patients keep on coming every time. Just like ERM, big data has also been subject to various trends in the contemporary technological world. One of the most important trends is the ability to transfer data from an old operating system to a new operating system database.
11

Technology can facilitate mining of useful information.

Trend is ideal since health centers have large volumes of information.

Comprises of multiple trends in the current technology world.

Research Technologies and Trends: Big Data Cont.

. The technology can also allow the storage of large volumes of data and information using special applications like the HBase system. If the applications can be used in the right way, they can be pivotal in storing data and information available in the healthcare centers. Besides, they can facilitate the organization of these data that otherwise, might be lost or rendered useless using manual processing techniques.
12

Facility quick access of information.

Technology allows storage of information

Allows organization of information in the required manner.

Migration Strategy

The purpose of the migration strategy is to aid the implementation of proposed big data and ERP technology to address the issues that SIC is facing. This migration strategy was developed based on the stakeholder’s issues and inputs to optimize the implementation of technology trends with minimum impacts on daily operations (Hung et al. 2018). The migration of the management system comprising of the patient portals, cloud platform, and online service platform will ensure efficient service delivery in SIC
13

Purpose of migration is implementing the anticipated plans

The strategy is in line with stakeholders needs and suggestions.

System will comprise of a dashboard addressing patients issues.

Migration Strategy Cont.

The Stakeholders will give the information that will be used in the development process. This will comprise of all members who were engaged in the survey. The migration process will point out all the processes that will be followed in ensuring minimum or no disturbance at all to the current mode of operations (Brunswick, 2017). That is a smooth transition to the new processes. The planning phase is more of migration activity. It takes into account all the migration processes from start to finish. The implementation and launching steps are also explained under this phase. Vital players of system changeover will play a significant role in ensuring that all requirements have been brought on board
The major focus on the design phase is the outcome of the process, that is how the future architecture will look like. It incorporates software configuration, determination of hardware requirements that might be needed, and appropriate security measures that should be put in place. This might incorporate conducting the HIPAA assessment (Brunswick, 2017). Data input will involve phase transfer of information from the old system to the new system at department levels. Validation and testing will incorporate checking whether the information that has been entered is correct and if the outcome has been attained. The testing will ensure that no critical information has been left out. The cutover approach taken will involve incremental implementation of the management system. The data will be first migrated to EHT then later to the cloud. Information will be gathered from all perspectives.
14

Overall Findings and Recommendations
There is to address issues at SIC
Failure to address issues will worsen the situation
Technology advancement will aid formulation of solutions to the issues faced.
ERP and bog data technology can help address these issues.

There exists an urgent need of addressing issues that SIC is facing. It is noteworthy noting that the issues are impacting both internal and external stakeholders and if they can be left unattended, they would worsen the situation. Based on the analysis done upon the issues it is noted that ERP and big data are the major technologies that can help address the challenges being faced. These anticipate a positive outcome on the current state of the organization. The development process will follow a definite procedure to ensure that nothing has been left out and the objectives have been attained.
15

References
Adwan, O., Sleit, A., Qatawneh, M., Huneiti, A. M., & Khalil, T. (2013). Implementing a Total Healthcare Enterprise Resource Planning System. International Journal on Information, 16(6), 3997–4004. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236985559_Implementing_a_Total_Healthcare_Enterprise_Resource_Planning_System
Bahssas, D. M., AlBar, A. M., & Hoque, M. R. (2015). Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems: design, trends, and deployment. The International Technology Management Review, 5(2), 72-81. Retrieved from https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/itmr/24089
Brunswick, D. (2017). HIT thinks about how to use IT to improve healthcare supply chain operations. Retrieved from https://www.healthdatamanagement.com/opinion/how-to-use-it-toimprove-healthcare-supply-chain-operations
Costa, C. J., Ferreira, E., Bento, F., & Aparicio, M. (2016). Enterprise resource planning adoption and satisfaction determinants. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 659-671. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563216304265

References
Hung, D.Y., Harrison, M.I., Truong, Q. and Du, X., (2018). Experiences of primary care physicians and staff following lean workflow design. BMC Health Services Research, 18:24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3062-5
Mathioudakis, A., Rousalova, I., Gagnat, A. A., Saad, N., & Hardavella, G. (2016). How to keep good clinical records. Breathe, 12(4), 369-373. Retrieved from https://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/12/4/369.short
Wang, Y., Kung, L., & Byrd, T. A. (2018). Big data analytics: Understanding its capabilities and potential benefits for healthcare organizations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 126, 3-13. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162516000500

Information Technology

Management

Analysis of the Issues

Nurse

HIGH

HIGH

Nurse

HIGH

Nurse

LOW

Patient

HIGH

Patient

MEDIUM

HIGH

Physician

MEDIUM

MEDIUM

HIM manager

MEDIUM

MEDIUM

HIGH

Poor management of
historical data

Physician

In light of the above-tabulated analysis, it is clear that most issues the organization is facing revolve around poor and insecure record-keeping, poor planning, and insufficient funds. The primary assumption is that taking of the problems is imperative, preventing further repercussions (Mathioudakis et al., 2016). The highlighted issues have a direct impact on both internal and external stakeholders in the SIC corporation. Another assumption held is that the problems which are not provided in the list have medium priority to be addressed.

Research Technologies and Technology Trends

The two major categories of technology trends that can address SIC issues are ERP and Big data technologies. Ideally, ERP is made of comprehensive software that offers solutions to specific challenges that the organization faces, but from a single IT architecture perspective (Costa et al., 2016). ERP has been found to operate under three major principles. These are, handling fundamental organizational issues through the correct allocation of resources, enabling the enterprise to generate necessary revenue, and integrating primary administrative record keeping.

ERP has been categorized among the trending technology which is on a rapid rise. They have emerged being effective because major healthcare facilities heavily rely on process-oriented ideologies. The technology can undertake operative and administration activities in an organization. Management and planning in healthcare facilities demand a lot of information, which is difficult to handle manually (Adwan et al., 2013). To date, some elements and capabilities of ERM can address issues SIC is undergoing. For instance, the trend can address storage issues since information will be kept in the cloud. ERM will enhance the integration of new software, generating the necessary policies to run the organization forward.

Big data technology also helps in addressing the challenges being faced. The technology comprises multiple techniques that can facilitate the mining of useful information from large volumes of data (Wang et al., 2018). The trend is ideal because the healthcare sector comprises large volumes of data since new patients keep coming every time. Just like ERM, big data has also been subject to various trends in the contemporary technological world. One of the most important trends is transferring data from an old operating system to a new operating system database. In this way, retrieving data and information has been upheld (Bahssas et al., 2015). Largo Corporation and SIC ought to harness their knowledge and develop the capabilities of accessing the information quickly. The technology can also allow large volumes of data and information using special applications like the HBase system. If the applications can be used correctly, they can be pivotal in storing data and transmission in healthcare centers. Besides, they can facilitate these data’s organization that otherwise might be lost or rendered useless using manual processing techniques.

Migration Strategy

A migration strategy is to aid in implementing proposed big data and ERP technology to address the issues that SIC is facing. This migration strategy was developed based on the stakeholder’s issues and inputs to optimize technology trends with minimum daily operations impacts (Hung et al., 2018). The management system’s migration comprises the patient portals, cloud platform, and online service platform to ensure efficient SIC delivery. The process will involve the following processes; planning, design, input methods, project testing, and launching. The map below depicts the procedure that will be followed.

The Stakeholders will give the information that will be used in the development process. This will comprise of all members who were engaged in the survey. The migration process will point out all the procedures that will be followed to ensure minimum or no disturbance to the current mode of operations (Brunswick, 2017). That is a smooth transition to the new processes. The planning phase is more of a migration activity. It takes into account all the migration processes from start to finish. The implementation and launching steps are also explained under this phase. Vital players of system changeover will play a significant role in ensuring that all requirements have been brought on board.

The primary focus on the design phase is the outcome of the process. That is how future architecture will look like. It incorporates software configuration, determination of hardware requirements that might be needed, and appropriate security measures that should be put in place. This might include conducting the HIPAA assessment (Brunswick, 2017). Data input will involve phase transfer of information from the old system to the new system at department levels. Validation and testing will incorporate checking whether the information that has been entered is correct and if the outcome has been attained. The testing will ensure that no critical information has been left out. The cutover approach taken will involve incremental implementation of the management system. The data will be first migrated to EHT then later to the cloud. Information will be gathered from all perspectives.

During the migration process. The initial step will be explaining the needs for the electronic system. The second is coming up with both short- and long-term goals to be achieved. Thirdly is looking for necessary expertise to address the issues at hand. Fourth is picking the essential framework. Fifth is developing a communication channel and integrating the system in the everyday operations of the organization.

Overall Findings and Recommendations

There exists an urgent need to address issues that the SIC is facing. It is noteworthy noting that the problems impact both internal and external stakeholders, and if they can be left unattended, they would worsen the situation. Based on the analysis done upon the issues, ERP and big data are the significant technologies that can help address the challenges. These anticipate a positive outcome on the current state of the organization. The development process will follow a definite procedure to ensure that nothing has been left out and the objectives have been attained.

Adwan, O., Sleit, A., Qatawneh, M., Huneiti, A. M., & Khalil, T. (2013). Implementing a Total Healthcare Enterprise Resource Planning System. International Journal on Information, 16(6), 3997–4004. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236985559_Implementing_a_Total_Healthcare_Enterprise_Resource_Planning_System
Bahssas, D. M., AlBar, A. M., & Hoque, M. R. (2015). Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems: design, trends, and deployment. The International Technology Management Review, 5(2), 72-81. Retrieved from https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/itmr/24089
Brunswick, D. (2017). HIT thinks about how to use IT to improve healthcare supply chain operations. Retrieved from https://www.healthdatamanagement.com/opinion/how-to-use-it-toimprove-healthcare-supply-chain-operations
Costa, C. J., Ferreira, E., Bento, F., & Aparicio, M. (2016). Enterprise resource planning adoption and satisfaction determinants. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 659-671. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563216304265
Hung, D.Y., Harrison, M.I., Truong, Q. and Du, X., (2018). Experiences of primary care physicians and staff following lean workflow design. BMC Health Services Research, 18:24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3062-5
Mathioudakis, A., Rousalova, I., Gagnat, A. A., Saad, N., & Hardavella, G. (2016). How to keep good clinical records. Breathe, 12(4), 369-373. Retrieved from https://breathe.ersjournals.com/content/12/4/369.short
Wang, Y., Kung, L., & Byrd, T. A. (2018). Big data analytics: Understanding its capabilities and potential benefits for healthcare organizations. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 126, 3-13. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162516000500