Format the given document.

1. Create a numbered or bulleted list. Add/Create a multilevel bulleted list (at least 4 bullets) in the appropriate place in the document.

2. Create bibliography Create citations for your sources in your document . Edit a source Add citations to your document Insert a bibliography/reference to your document in APA format.

3. Add custom citations to your document. Insert a works cited or bibliography.

4.  Insert a standard table of contents.

5. Insert a cover page Insert a cover page.

6. Add an online picture, add an online picture related to your career in appropriate place in your paper. Wrap text around picture Wrap text around picture.

7. Make sure there is a title page, table of contents, abstract, in text citation, reference.

8. Check spellings

9. Make sure it is APA edition 7

Careers Information

Morayyyyyy

A Community College

INT 1010

Professor Horayyyyyy

Date 02\13\2021

DESCRIPTION OF THE CAREERS 6

Table of Content

Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………………1

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..2

Description of Careers………………………………………………………………………3

Emerging Technologies Used to Improve Production or Workflow……………………….4

Ethical Issues in the Industries……………………………………………………………..5
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………….6
References………………………………………………………………………………….7

Abstract

Every career is unique; hence, those who want to join them require certain academic qualifications and accreditations. Subsequently, the roles and responsibilities that professionals are tasked with differ significantly. This essay looks at two essential professions; cybersecurity specialists and pharmacists. It analyzes significant factors about the careers, including what the careers entail and the qualification needed to practice in the two fields. It also scrutinizes the emerging technological tools used to enhance the professionals’ workflow and the ethical issues encountered in the industries.

Description of the Careers

Cybersecurity specialists are professionals tasked with overseeing everyday operations in the technological sector to ensure the optimal technical and data systems’ optimal function. Their duties include detecting and preventing any security risks that may emerge during operations and avert any other possible susceptibilities threatening the system (. The professional undertakes investigative research and test the available technological appliances to decipher any potential threats and mitigate them. They also monitor day-to-day operations to resolve security and data-related issues and install necessary security measures and protocols (Cybersecurity Career Paths and Progression, 2019). The professionals may also coach staff members on security measures and investigate ways of eradicating the risks with which technological systems grapple.

Individuals interested in the career have to successfully go through a degree program in computer science or a similar educational path. (Cybersecurity Career Paths and Progression, 2019). They should also have advanced IT skills and apply critical thinking skills while carrying out their tasks. The professionals’ average salary is between $60,000 and $110 000, depending on their level of experience and positions in organizations. The average wages for cybersecurity specialists also differ in different states. In Maryland, the professional’s net pay is $102, 000 while in Virginia, it is $99,000.

https://niccs.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/cybersecurity

. On the other hand, those in Washington D. C receive a higher income of up to $108,500.

A pharmacist is a medical professional tasked with preparing prescribed medicines and disseminating useful information about using them correctly. They identify any errors in the prescribed medications, such as wrong dosages or incompatibilities, and make the necessary corrections (Reed et al., 2019). Also, they perform the tasks required in preparing medications, including compounding the needed ingredients, packing them appropriately, and ensuring they are fully labeled for easy use. The necessary qualifications for an individual to become a pharmacist include acquiring a degree program in the course and receiving accreditation from the presiding board, ACPE. The average salary of a pharmacist varies from one state to another. In Washington, it is over $127,000. On the other hand, in Virginia, professionals are paid up to $115,000 (Reed et al., 2019). Those in Maryland are also well paid, with the medical experts’ average net pay quoted to be at least 121,000.

Emerging Technologies Used to Improve Production or Workflow in the Industries

The emerging technologies that can help in enhancing workflow in information technology include the use of automation. Automation refers to technological designs that enable work processes such as collecting and distributing data to be carried out automatically using sophisticated devices and computing programs

doi.org/10.2308/jeta-52653

. The system can be applied in different sectors, including management of sales and organizational supply chain. It increases the speed and efficiency with which tasks are carried out in the workplace. Subsequently, the cloud is another crucial IT tool that can be used in organizations to improve workflow. It alludes to the encapsulation of the internet into the workplace to enable an easy flow of communication. It facilitates a seamless flow of information between different stakeholders, including the vendors, management, and employees (Xu et al., 2018). Therefore, the tool is critical in increasing workflow in various departments like supply chain and human resources.

The emerging technologies that aid pharmacists in performing their tasks include pharmacist management systems that assist in compiling factual data about patients and controlling the department’s inventories (Baines et al., 2018). They also use electronic prescription services to release two automated systems to dispense medications to patients quickly and accurately effectively. Further, they utilize telecare to follow up on patient progress and reminding clients about refilling medications.

Ethical Issues in the Industries

The ethical issues that are commonly experienced in information technology include the infiltration of personal privacy. While utilizing technological tools, it is possible to access and compromise individuals’ confidential content (Huda, 2019). Subsequently, another critical ethical issue that affects the industry is the violation of copyrights. Copyright alludes to the exclusive right to something. Individuals’ can illegally access and incorporate such programs or software, leading to legal ramifications. Further, engagement in cybercrimes is another significant ethical issue in the industry (Huda, 2019). People may use the platform to create fake identities and use them to engage in illegalities or hack other individuals’ systems leading to data comprise and loss.

The most common ethical problem encountered in the pharmaceutical industry is that they prioritize maximizing profitability over consideration of humanity’s welfare. The individuals place high-profit margins on some critical medications that low-income earners cannot afford (Sakar & Dutta, 2017). Besides, they let drugs expire while in storage while multitudes die because of a lack of adequate funds to procure medicaments.

Conclusion

Cybersecurity expert is significant career paths in information technology. Individuals interested in the professions should have specific academic and soft skills. Pharmacists are also vital professionals who play a significant role in society. Today, different technological tools are used to enhance the working pace in various industries. It is also essential to conceptualize the ethical issues with various industries grapple.

References

Baines, D., Bates, I., Bader, L., Hale, C., & Schneider, P. (2018). Conceptualizing production, productivity, and technology in pharmacy practice: a novel framework for policy, education, and research. Human r
resources for health, 16(1), 1-9.

DO NOT COPY

Cybersecurity Career Paths and Progression. February 2019. Retrieved from https://niccs.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/documents/pdf/cybersecurity

Huda, M. (2019). Empowering application strategy in the technology adoption: insights from professional and ethical engagement. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JSTPM-09-2017-0044/full/html

Reed, B. N., Noel, Z. R., Heil, E. L., Shipper, A. G., & Gardner, A. K. (2019). Surveying the selection landscape: A systematic review of processes for selecting postgraduate year one pharmacy residents and key implications. Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy.

Sarkar, A. K., & Dutta, D. (2017). Impact of demonetization: A study on healthcare and pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research (IJEMR), 7(3), 583-594.

Xu, L. D., Xu, E. L., & Li, L. (2018). Industry 4.0: state of the art and future trends. International Journal of Production Research, 56(8), 2941-2962. https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-52653

MICROSOFT WORD RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT Baqibillah

SOFTWARE DEVELOPING AND DATA SCIENCE QB 2

Software Developing and Data Science

: Microsoft Word Assignment

QB

Prince George’s Community College

INT-1010-LD29

Professor Manzoor Hossain

November 29, 2020

Abstract

Software developing and data science are both great career options in the technology field. The minimum education level required to become either a software developer or data scientist is not very low. This makes the careers prestigious and well-paying ones. There are also plenty of emerging technologies being used to improve them. However, these jobs are not for everyone because the duties involved are often challenging. There are also some ethical issues linked to them that should be considered. The pros and cons of each career can be weighed according to the education level required, salary earned, and duties performed. Overall, both data science and software developing are brilliant job options in the technology field.

Table of Contents
Software Developing and Data Science: Microsoft Word Assignment 1
Abstract 2
Software Developing and Data Science 3

Pros and Cons of Each Career

7

Pros and Cons of being a Software developer:

7

Pros and Cons of Being a Data Scientist:

7
References 9

Software Developing and Data Science

Software developers are people who develop applications and systems on computers and other devices.[footnoteRef:1] According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, there are two different types of software developers, applications software developers and system software developers (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). Application software developers create custom and commercial software, and they also design applications for computers (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). Software developers make the systems to keep computers working properly and also create the system interfaces (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). They make operating systems both for specific organizations and for the general public (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). The required education level to become a software developer is a minimum of a bachelor’s degree in either software engineering, computer science, or another related area of study (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2020). [1: A computer is a device used by software developers. A 3D model of a computer is shown above.]

Software developing is a challenging job but pays well. According to the National Center for O*NET Development, software developers in Maryland earn $112,490 on average (National Center for O*NET Development, 2020)[footnoteRef:2]. Artificial intelligence is an emerging technology making the job easier for software developers. According to the article How AI Is Making Software Development Easier For Companies And Coders by Simon Chandler, “software developers can use AI to write and review code, detect bugs, test software, and even optimize development projects” (Chandler, 2020). AI is a very useful in software development, but there are some ethical issues attached to it. Some of these issues are how AI is taking over and replacing people in many jobs and how far it should be taken and how it could be used with a malicious intent. A job which is being threatened by AI is actually software developing and coding. The ethical issue is how far AI should be taken, and where it should be used. [2: Retrieved from National Center for O*NET Development.]

Another career in the technology field is data science. Data Scientists work with data in various ways. According to the article What Does a Data Scientist Do? by Leslie Doyle, “They design data modeling processes, create algorithms and predictive models to extract the data the business needs, and help analyze the data and share insights with peers” (Doyle, 2020). They are extremely skilled and highly trained professional. They must have a minimum of a master’s degree, ideally a Master’s of Science in Data Science (Doyle, 2020). They usually start off with a bachelor’s degree in a computer science or math background and then pursue a master’s in data analytics, data science, or something related to that field. The reason the minimum level of education is so high is because of how difficult and analytical the job is.[footnoteRef:3] [3: The high level of education required, and the difficulty of the job make it a very prestigious one.]

This Photo

by Unknown Author is licensed under

CC BY-SA

Even though the job is challenging and requires a high level of education, it does pay a decent amount. In Leslie Doyle’s article What Does a Data Scientist Do? she states that the average salary for data scientists in Washington D.C. is $89,738 (Doyle, 2020). The job seems to be a fulfilling and stimulating for those who undertake it. However, there are many ethical issues involved in this career.

The most important issue is very similar to the one with AI and software development.

The problem is with algorithms, sensitive data, hacking, and potentially harmful misuse of data. In her article Ethics and Data Science Debra Satz states:

These questions not only concern the possibility of harm by the misuse of data, but also questions of how to preserve privacy where data is sensitive, how to avoid bias in data selection, how to prevent disruption and “hacking” of data, and issues of transparency in data collection, research and dissemination. Underlying many of these questions is a larger question about who owns the data, who has the right of access to it, and under what conditions. (Satz, n.d.)[footnoteRef:4] [4: Satz urges data scientists to think about these ethical issues and act on them.]

She speaks about the philosophical and ethical problems with data science. Satz implies that the main issue is privacy and how the data is being used or could potentially be used. This makes it the most important ethical issue because it may directly affect those in the general public, even without their knowledge. So, overall data science is a prestigious and well-paying career, but it does come with heavy ethical issues.

Pros and Cons of Each Career

1. Education level required

Criteria:

2. Salary

3. Duties

Pros and Cons of being a Software developer:

· Pro: Only requires a minimum of a bachelor’s degree, so the education requirement is not too much.

· Con: The degrees needed are difficult ones to gain.

· Pro: Pays very well.

· Con: There are none since the job pays well.

· Pro: Duties are also not bad.

· Con: The job is a challenging one, but that gets cancelled out because of all the pros.

· Overall, the pros of being a software developer outweigh the cons.

Pros and Cons of Being a Data Scientist:

· Pro: The education level required is rather high, so the job is more prestigious.

· Con: The job requires a high level of education and requires very difficult degrees.

· Pro: The salary is very good.

· Con: Pays less than software developing in the D.C. and Maryland area.

· The duties are difficult but rewarding.

· The duties are very challenging and require a lot of thinking

· Overall, the job is difficult with some cons outweighing the pros, but people in this field often fond their job to be rewarding.

References[endnoteRef:1]
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. D. (2020). Software Developers. From U.S. Department of Labor Statistics: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/software-developers.htm
Chandler, S. (2020). How AI Is Making Software Development Easier For. From Forbes.
Doyle, L. (2020). What Does a Data Scientist Do? From Northeastern University Graduate Programs: https://www.northeastern.edu/graduate/blog/what-does-a-data-scientist-do/.
National Center for O*NET Development. (2020). 15-1252.00 – Software Developers. From O*NET OnLine: https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-1252.00
Satz, D. (n.d.). Ethics and Data Science. From Ethics and Data Science | Stanford Data Science: https://sdsi.stanford.edu/about/ethics-and-data-science.

Microsoft Word Assignment INT-1010
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